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Biology 1.1 and Chem unit 4 > Water > Flashcards

Water Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the ion needed for formation of proteins

A

Sulfate

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2
Q

Name the ion involved in the transport of gases by the blood

A

Clorine

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3
Q

Name the ion essential for photosynthesis

A

Magnesium

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4
Q

Name the ion that a lack could disrupt nervous coordination of the body.

A

Calcium, Sodium or Potassium

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5
Q

What is cohesion?

A

water attracted to water

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6
Q

What is adhesion?

A

water attracted to other objects

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7
Q

What is described here? (Sharing of electrons for full outer shells)

A

Covalent bonds

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8
Q

Describe covalent bonds

A

Sharing of electrons for full outer shells

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9
Q

Water is described as being polar. What does this mean?

A

Oxygen is slightly negatively charged whilst hydrogen atoms are slightly positively charged

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10
Q

Is water polar or non-polar?

A

Polar

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11
Q

What atoms are present in a water molecule?

A

2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen

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12
Q

What bonds exist between water molecules?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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13
Q

Describe why water has hydrogen bonding

A

The slightly negative oxygen of one water molecule attracts the slightly positive hydrogen atoms of other water molecules

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14
Q

What does high specific heat capacity measure/mean?

A

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a fixed amount of that substance by 1*C. A lot of heat energy is required to raise water’s temperature

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15
Q

Describe why water has a high specific heat capacity.

A

New hydrogen bonds are formed almost as quickly as the are disrupted. Because heat energy from the sun is used up breaking and re-forming hydrogen bonds, the water temperature doesn’t increase by much.

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16
Q

What’s he significance for life of water having a high specific heat capacity?

A

Conditions are stable in cells and aquatic environments.

17
Q

Why is water considered being an Universal Solvent?

A

The unequal distribution of electrical charge makes water a good solvent for many substances.

18
Q

What molecules WILL dissolve in water?

A

Ionic substances like salt and polar molecules such as sugar and amino acids

19
Q

What molecules WILL NOT dissolve in water?

A

non-polar molecules such as lipids

20
Q

Describe the advantage of ice being less dense than water

A

This forms an insulating layer over the surface of aquatic habitats: ponds and other aquatic habitats don’t freeze solid so animals can still move/swim.

21
Q

Does water’s density (mass per unit volume) increase or decrease when it freezes?

A

Decrease because water expands when it freezes

22
Q

Why will ice float on top of water?

A

Ice is less dense than water

22
Q

Describe water’s high latent heat of vaporisation.

A

A lot of energy is needed to evaporate water so organisms use water evaporation to cool down, sweating. Also aquatic habitats don’t disappear easily by evaporation.

23
Q

What is the effect of transpiration on leaves?

A

Cooling effect

24
Q

Why is water being transparent beneficial?

A

Light can pass through for aquatic plants to photosynthesise under water.
Light can pass through he cytoplasm of plant cells so it can reach the chloroplast.

25
Q

How is water having a high surface tension beneficial for life?

A

At the air/water interface of a pond, the cohesion between water molecules produces surface tension. This acts as a skin that covers the water almost and forms a habitat on the surface of the water, for example pond skater.

26
Q

What would be the property of water being used in biochemical reactions, for example photosynthesis.

A

Water is a metabolite

27
Q

What is the significance for life (plants and animals) of water being liquid at most temperatures?

A

It can be used as a transport medium eg. blood in mammals and it dissolves ions up xylem in plants. Also medium for reactions.

28
Q

What is the significance of water having strong cohesive properties and high tensile strength?

A

Water can be pulled through plants in a column as the water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds.

Biology 1.1 and Chem unit 4 (7 decks)

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