Waste management and Transport

Question 1

problems with landfill

Answer 1

• Takes up a lot of land
• Ugly
• NIMBY
• Sites filing up and running out
• Contamination
• water pollution

Question 2

Problems with Incineration

Answer 2

• Greenhouse gases

- Congestion

Question 3

London’s waste management problems

Answer 3

• 3.4 million tonnes of rubbish
• £600 million cost (2010)
• 90% of products end up in landfill after just 6 months
• 75% of waste ends up in landfill sites

Question 4

E waste

Answer 4

• Growing problem in the consumerist market today
• Potentially hazardous
• E waste in India could grow by 500% from 2007-2020

Question 5

Basel Convention

Answer 5

1989
Meant to control the transfer of hazardous waste between countries
-WEEE sets targets for disposal of such waste

Question 6

Cambridge waste

Answer 6

• £730 million contract
• state of the art mechanical biological treatment plant
• Recycles over 50%
• Spend £7 million or more on landfill still

Question 7

Peterborough waste

Answer 7

• 300 000 old electrical items annually
• WEEE implement electrical appliance recycling programme.
• Holistic view to waste minimisation
• Items collected via take back scheme
• Reuse
• Recycle

Question 8

Waste targets

Answer 8

• Targets for governments on reducing waste
• (reduce by 45% by 2020 from 2000)
• 50% recycled and composted of household waste by 2020

Question 9

Why do we have waste targets

Answer 9

• Environmental benefits

- Less landfill

Question 10

Plastic bag charge

Answer 10

• 5p
• 2010 6.3 million were used
• save £60 million in litter clean-up cost
• save £13 million in carbon savings

Question 11

Rutland recycling

Answer 11

• 3 bins (grey, black and green)
• Each bin is collected every 2 weeks
• 59.1% of waste is recycled (11,665 tonnes)

Question 12

What happens to Rutland’s waste

Answer 12

Grey- materials and recycling/ recovery facility in Leicestershire (sorted and bailed)
Green- Digby Farm, North Luffenham to be composted
Black- Eastcroft energy from waste facility (Nottingham)

Question 13

Other sites for rubbish disposal in Rutland

Answer 13

• 18 recycling sites
• 2 Civil amenity sites
• Home composting (£8 bins)

Question 14

Nairobi waste management

Answer 14

• Scavengers- collect rubbish (20 out of 800 tonnes) and sell bits on
• Children pick through organic waste for food or its given to livestock

Question 15

What is the clean up Nairobi campaign

Answer 15

• Founded 1999
• Run by residents promoting waste reduction and compositing
• Recently collapsed due to management issues

Question 16

Benefits if the clean up Nairobi campaign

Answer 16

• Improved health (less diaroehoa and malaria)

- Improved physical environment (Better drainage, more outdoor environments, decrese suicide numbers)

Question 17

Location of Curitiba

Answer 17

• 1000km from Rio
• 2 million residents
• High education level
• developing country

Question 18

Buses in Curitiba

Answer 18

-Integrated transport scheme
-Quick and cheap
-5 arterial roads
-Red, orange, green grey busses coded for routes
-500 x cheaper than building a subway
-Each bus takes 4000 passengers in one day
Bi-articulated bus lanes

Question 19

Parks and urban areas in Curitiba

Answer 19

• Lots of green spaces
• Flood problems alleviated with lakes built
• Trees planted to limit flooding
• Industrial areas turned back into parks( stops slums forming)
• Sky scrapers given permission to build higher if they build green areas alongside

Question 20

Curitiba waste

Answer 20

• Recycling since 1980s
• Smaller scale changes
• 2/3 of Curitiba’s waste is sorted
• Waste sorters get jobs
• Green exchange set up for low income families

Question 21

What is the green exchange

Answer 21

• Garbage trucks turn up at slums which they cant get into
• You can exchange waste for food or bus tickets
• Good as Curitiba has a surplus of food from agricultural businesses
• encourages use of bus system
• Helps 3000 families a month

Question 22

Other techniques used in Curitiba

Answer 22

-Mall in heart of the city is pedestrianised

Question 23

Social problems caused by congestion

Answer 23

• Pollutants increase chest problems
• Longer commuting times means longer times away from families
• More cars on roads increase the number of accidents
• Traffic jabs increase road rage

Question 24

Environmental problems caused by congestion

Answer 24

• Air pollution
• Noise pollution
• increased road buildings means destruction of greenfield sites
• Acid rain and greenhouse effect from air pollution
• HGV can cause vibration damage to structures

Question 25

economic problems caused by congestion

Answer 25

• Expensive to build new roads
• Late deliveries due to congestion cost companies
• Workers arrive late as they are stuck in traffic
• A reliance on oil, more oil is used up travelling as slow speeds than normal speeds.

Question 26

Traffic reduction methods in London

Answer 26

• Bus lanes (quicker than cars)
• Car sharing (websites set up)
• Working from home (due to improved technology)
• Re-urbanisation (people lve closer to the centre and work)
• Increased car tax and petrol duty
• Park and ride (eg Ebbsfleet)
• River services (25 piers in use)
• Airports (6)
• Eurostar and HS1 (high speed rain link)