Waste Management

Question 1

How much GHG’s do farms produce in the UK?

Answer 1

Agricultural activities release 7% of UK

GHG emissions

Question 2

How much of the economy does the agricultural industry form?

Answer 2

Farming and the food industry matter. Together,

they form nearly 7% of the economy.

Question 3

What is ‘point-source’ pollution?

Answer 3

pollution which originates from a single identifiable source (building, field, event)

Question 4

What is ‘diffuse’ pollution?

Answer 4

comes from fields or many sources within a catchment; need to be identified and managed.

Question 5

What is Biochemical Oxygen Demand?

Answer 5

It is a measure (in mg/litre) of the amount of oxygen needed by micro-organisms to break down organic material.

Question 6

What are some examples of Agricultural Waste?

Answer 6

◦ Animal health products
◦ Building waste
◦ Cardboard and paper
◦ Hazardous waste
◦ Metal, wood, glass and rubber
◦ Packaging
◦ Vehicle and machinery waste

Question 7

What are some examples of Hazardous Waste?

Answer 7

◦ all types of asbestos
◦ some veterinary medicines
◦ fluorescent light tubes
◦ lead-acid batteries
◦ oily sludges
◦ pesticides and herbicides
◦ solvents

Question 8

How do you dispose of a dead animal?

Answer 8

1. The National Fallen Stock Company
   (NFSCo) provides a scheme for farmers that
   offers means of collecting and disposing of carcasses.
2. Animal Health approved renderer or
   licensed knacker’s yard.
3. Incinerator licensed under the Animal By-Products Regulations.
4. Animal Health approved hunt kennel for use
   as dog feed.

Question 9

How do you not dispose of a dead animal?

Answer 9

Burying (unless emergency) and feeding to other animals

Question 10

What are some problems with incineration?

Answer 10

◦ Dioxins, PCBs
◦ Soot, grease
◦ H&S and Human illness

Question 11

What are organic manures?

Answer 11

livestock manures and organic wastes
including sewage sludge and green
waste compost

Question 12

What is Clostridium botulinum?

Answer 12

an bacteria that can be found in manures that are improperly managed; commonly poultry litters

Question 13

What is proper manure treatment?

Answer 13

 Composting solid manures reduces the
quantity to be spread to land, and the odour
that is released during and after spreading.
 Mechanical separation of slurry removes
some solids and provides a liquid that can be
pumped.
 Biological or mechanical treatment reduce
odour, polluting potential.
 Anaerobic digestion of slurry, often with
other organic bio-degradable materials, can
produce biogas.

Question 14

What are 2 very dangerous pollutants?

Answer 14

SILAGE - small amounts of will kill fish and
other water life, L. Monocytogenes, Hardware Disease
SHEEP DIPS - very toxic and extremely
small amounts can affect drinking water and will kill fish and other water life

Question 15

What are Category 1 By-Products?

Answer 15

from animals to which prohibited substances have been administered and products of animal origin containing residues of
environmental contaminants and other
substances.

Question 16

What are Category 2 By-Products?

Answer 16

 show signs of communicable diseases to humans or animals
 containing residues of veterinary drugs and
contaminants
 Manure and digestive tract content.

Question 17

What are Category 3 By-Products?

Answer 17

unwanted trimmings, quality failures (e.g. colour) and minor contamination that does not pose a risk to human or animal health