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DΔΥ 3 Gεnεral Εnginεεring > Waste Management > Flashcards

Waste Management Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is a primary goal of sustainable waste management?

A) Increasing landfill use
B) Maximizing recycling
C) Minimizing production waste
D) Lowering costs

A

B) Maximizing recycling

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2
Q

What does ‘waste hierarchy’ prioritize first for waste handling?

A) Disposal
B) Recycling
C) Waste prevention
D) Energy recovery

A

C) Waste prevention

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3
Q

Which of the following can be considered as ‘green waste’?

A) Hazardous waste
B) Plastic waste
C) Organic waste
D) Electronic waste

A

C) Organic waste

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4
Q

How does a ‘circular economy’ approach differ from a traditional waste management approach?

A) It eliminates waste entirely
B) It emphasizes reuse and recycling of materials
C) It focuses on landfill disposal
D) It reduces recycling costs

A

B) It emphasizes reuse and recycling of materials

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5
Q

What is the purpose of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) in waste management?

A) To shift disposal costs to consumers
B) To encourage manufacturers to design for easier recycling
C) To increase landfill taxes
D) To promote energy recovery from waste

A

B) To encourage manufacturers to design for easier recycling

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6
Q

What kind of waste is primarily produced in construction and demolition activities?

A) Organic waste
B) E-waste
C) Solid waste
D) Construction and demolition (C&D) waste

A

D) Construction and demolition (C&D) waste

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7
Q

Why is ‘source separation’ important in waste management?

A) It improves the efficiency of incineration
B) It increases landfill capacity
C) It helps reduce contamination of recyclables
D) It eliminates the need for recycling

A

C) It helps reduce contamination of recyclables

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8
Q

What is an example of ‘hazardous e-waste’?

A) Old plastic containers
B) Broken glass
C) Lead-acid batteries
D) Cardboard packaging

A

C) Lead-acid batteries

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9
Q

What is ‘vermicomposting’?

A) Using worms to compost organic waste
B) Decomposing food waste with bacteria
C) Using high heat to break down organic waste
D) Mixing organic and inorganic waste

A

A) Using worms to compost organic waste

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10
Q

Why is it beneficial to reduce the use of single-use plastics?

A) They are cost-effective
B) They reduce overall waste
C) They promote better recycling
D) They eliminate waste completely

A

B) They reduce overall waste

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11
Q

Which of the following describes ‘closed-loop recycling’?

A) Recycling to create similar products
B) Recycling without energy loss
C) Creating different products from waste
D) Selling waste directly to consumers

A

A) Recycling to create similar products

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12
Q

What are ‘organics’ in the context of waste management?

A) Paper and cardboard
B) Biodegradable plant and food waste
C) Plastic and metals
D) Hazardous waste

A

B) Biodegradable plant and food waste

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13
Q

What is the main purpose of a material recovery facility?

A) It stores waste temporarily
B) It separates recyclables from waste
C) It manages landfill operations
D) It converts waste into energy

A

B) It separates recyclables from waste

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14
Q

Which waste treatment process uses microorganisms to break down organic material without oxygen?

A) Composting
B) Aerobic digestion
C) Incineration
D) Anaerobic digestion

A

D) Anaerobic digestion

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15
Q

What is a common byproduct of anaerobic digestion?

A) Oxygen
B) Methane
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Nitrogen

A

B) Methane

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16
Q

What does ‘landfill diversion rate’ measure?

A) Amount of waste recycled
B) Percentage of waste diverted from landfills
C) Amount of waste incinerated
D) Total waste disposed in landfills

A

B) Percentage of waste diverted from landfills

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17
Q

What is the purpose of a waste audit?

A) To measure the size of landfills
B) To assess types and volumes of waste generated
C) To record population statistics
D) To evaluate household income

A

B) To assess types and volumes of waste generated

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18
Q

How do landfill liners help in environmental protection?

A) They absorb leachate
B) They prevent contamination of soil and water
C) They make waste disposal faster
D) They increase landfill capacity

A

B) They prevent contamination of soil and water

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19
Q

What is the primary environmental concern with ‘open dumps’?

A) Pollution of soil and water
B) Greenhouse gas emissions
C) Increasing biodiversity
D) Costly to maintain

A

A) Pollution of soil and water

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20
Q

What type of waste includes household items like old batteries, fluorescent bulbs, and paint cans?

A) E-waste
B) Hazardous household waste
C) Food waste
D) Green waste

A

B) Hazardous household waste

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21
Q

What does ‘upcycling’ mean in waste management?

A) Reusing products without changing their form
B) Turning waste into new, high-value products
C) Decomposing waste for soil enrichment
D) Burning waste for energy

A

B) Turning waste into new, high-value products

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22
Q

What is ‘compost tea’, and how is it used in waste management?

A) A liquid fertilizer produced from compost
B) A tea substitute made from plants
C) Liquid extracted from e-waste
D) Wastewater treatment method

A

A) A liquid fertilizer produced from compost

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23
Q

Which plastic number represents the easiest type to recycle?

A) Plastic #1 (PET)
B) Plastic #3 (PVC)
C) Plastic #5 (PP)
D) Plastic #6 (PS)

A

A) Plastic #1 (PET)

24
Q

Which process is commonly used for ‘dewatering’ sludge in wastewater treatment?

A) Aeration
B) Incineration
C) Anaerobic digestion
D) Filter press

A

D) Filter press

25
Q

What type of waste would be classified as ‘biomedical waste’?

A) Municipal waste
B) Food waste
C) Industrial waste
D) Medical waste

A

D) Medical waste

26
Q

What type of waste is primarily produced in households?

A) Hazardous waste
B) Industrial waste
C) Municipal solid waste
D) Electronic waste

A

C) Municipal solid waste

27
Q

Which of the following is classified as hazardous waste?

A) Food scraps
B) Plastic bags
C) Batteries
D) Paper

A

C) Batteries

28
Q

What is the most common method of waste disposal used worldwide?

A) Recycling
B) Incineration
C) Landfilling
D) Composting

A

C) Landfilling

29
Q

Which waste disposal method involves burning waste at high temperatures?

A) Recycling
B) Incineration
C) Landfilling
D) Composting

A

B) Incineration

30
Q

Which of the following materials is most commonly recycled?

A) Glass
B) Plastic
C) Paper
D) Food scraps

A

C) Paper

31
Q

What is the process of breaking down organic waste to produce nutrient-rich compost called?

A) Recycling
B) Composting
C) Incineration
D) Landfilling

A

B) Composting

32
Q

Improper disposal of plastic waste can lead to which of the following environmental issues?

A) Soil erosion
B) Ocean pollution
C) Deforestation
D) Acid rain

A

B) Ocean pollution

33
Q

Which greenhouse gas is commonly produced in landfills?

A) Carbon dioxide
B) Methane
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen

A

B) Methane

34
Q

Which international agreement focuses on the control of hazardous waste?

A) Kyoto Protocol
B) Basel Convention
C) Paris Agreement
D) Montreal Protocol

A

B) Basel Convention

35
Q

In the United States, which agency is responsible for regulating waste management practices?

A) FDA
B) USDA
C) EPA
D) OSHA

A

C) EPA

36
Q

If a community generates 200 tons of municipal solid waste per day, and 30% of this is recyclable, how much waste could be potentially diverted from landfills?

A) 60 tons
B) 80 tons
C) 100 tons
D) 120 tons

A

A) 60 tons

37
Q

A factory produces chemical waste that is classified as hazardous. Which waste management practice should be avoided?

A) Landfilling
B) Incineration
C) Recycling
D) Proper disposal by a licensed facility

A

C) Recycling

38
Q

Which technology is commonly used in modern landfills to capture methane for energy?

A) Solar panels
B) Methane recovery systems
C) Anaerobic digesters
D) Incinerators

A

B) Methane recovery systems

39
Q

Which emerging technology is focused on converting plastic waste into fuel?

A) Pyrolysis
B) Gasification
C) Composting
D) Incineration

A

A) Pyrolysis

40
Q

Which of the following is a benefit of recycling?

A) Reduces landfill waste
B) Increases greenhouse gases
C) Destroys ecosystems
D) Causes deforestation

A

A) Reduces landfill waste

41
Q

What type of waste is e-waste?

A) Industrial waste
B) Organic waste
C) Electronic waste
D) Medical waste

A

C) Electronic waste

42
Q

Composting is best suited for which type of waste?

A) Metals
B) Electronics
C) Organic waste
D) Glass

A

C) Organic waste

43
Q

Landfills are primarily used for what purpose?

A) Recycling
B) Energy production
C) Storing waste
D) Composting

A

C) Storing waste

44
Q

What is leachate?

A) Wastewater in a landfill
B) Chemical runoff
C) Decomposed organic matter
D) Gas from incinerators

A

A) Wastewater in a landfill

45
Q

Which of the following is a biodegradable material?

A) Plastic bags
B) Batteries
C) Food waste
D) Glass

A

C) Food waste

46
Q

Which sector generates the most plastic waste?

A) Retail
B) Agriculture
C) Industrial
D) Healthcare

A

C) Industrial

47
Q

Which of the following countries is known for having the highest recycling rate?

A) United States
B) Germany
C) India
D) China

A

B) Germany

48
Q

Which process converts organic waste into biogas?

A) Composting
B) Pyrolysis
C) Anaerobic digestion
D) Incineration

A

C) Anaerobic digestion

49
Q

What is the primary goal of waste management?

A) To create more landfills
B) To minimize environmental impact
C) To make new products
D) To reduce costs

A

B) To minimize environmental impact

50
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of hazardous waste?

A) Biodegradability
B) Toxicity
C) High density
D) Physical stability

A

B) Toxicity

51
Q

What is an example of a non-biodegradable waste?

A) Paper
B) Metals
C) Plastics
D) Food scraps

A

C) Plastics

52
Q

What is the difference between hazardous and non-hazardous waste?

A) Chemical makeup
B) Potential harm
C) Volume
D) Color

A

B) Potential harm

53
Q

What is the purpose of waste segregation?

A) Reducing waste
B) Separating waste
C) Disposing of waste
D) Recycling waste

A

B) Separating waste

54
Q

Which process involves separating waste into different categories?

A) Landfilling
B) Waste segregation
C) Waste treatment
D) Recycling

A

B) Waste segregation

55
Q

Which of the following is a benefit of composting?

A) Enriches soil
B) Increases waste volume
C) Reduces recycling rate
D) Increases pollution

A

A) Enriches soil

DΔΥ 3 Gεnεral Εnginεεring (13 decks)

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