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Washington Flashcards

1
Q

Washington

Westernmost AVA

A

Puget Sound AVA

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2
Q

Washington

% of the nation’s total production

A

appx 5%

  • nation’s 2nd largest producer
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3
Q

Washington

Irrigation

A
  • Necessity for vineyards located East of the Cascade Mountains
  • Rainfall is often less than 10-12 inches a year due to rain shadow effect created by Cascade Mountains
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4
Q

Washington

Climate

A

Continental

  • Hot summers, cold winters
  • Frost, winter freezes - serious concerns
  • Ripeness easily achieved in warm growing seasons
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5
Q

Washington

Major soil types

A

sandy or silty loam soils

  • derived from Missoula Floods
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6
Q

Columbia Valley AVA

Number of acres

A

11 million acres

  • Over 1/4 Washington’s landmass
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7
Q

Washington

1st AVA

A

Yakima Valley, 1983

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8
Q

AVAs within Yakima Valley

A
  • Red Mountain
  • Snipes Mountain
  • Rattlesnake Hills
  • Candy Mountain
  • Goose Gap
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9
Q

Washington

Warmest growing region

A

Red Mountain AVA

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10
Q

Washington

Smallest growing region

A

Red Mountain AVA

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11
Q

Washinton

Most densely planted region

A

Red Mountain AVA

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12
Q

Red Mountain AVA

Main style of production

A

tannic Cabernet Sauvignon

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13
Q

Rocks of Milton-Freewater

Main soil type

A

topsoil of basalt cobblestones similar to the galets of Châteauneuf-du-Pape

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14
Q

T/F: Riesling is Washington’s most planted varietal.

A

False

  • Historically Riesling, Chardonnay were most widely grown, but surpassed by Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot
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15
Q

Washington

Number of wineries

A

over 1000

(2020)

  • From 160 wineries in 1999
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16
Q

Washington

Most planted varietal

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

(10,293 acres, 23% of total plantings)

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17
Q

Columbia Valley

Sub AVAs

(2022)

A
  • Lake Chelan
  • Rocky Beach
  • Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley
  • Royal Slope
  • Wahluke Slope
  • Naches Heights
  • White Bluffs
  • Yakima Valley
    • Rattlesnake Hills
    • Snipes Mountain
    • Red Mountain
    • Candy Mountain
    • Goose Gap
  • Horse Heaven Hills
  • Walla Walla Valley (WA/OR)
  • The Rocks of Milton-Freewater (OR)
  • The Burn of Columbia Valley
  • Columbia Gorge
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18
Q

AVAs shared by Washington and Oregon

A
  • Columbia Gorge
  • Columbia Valley
  • Walla Walla
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19
Q

Red Mountain AVA

Major vineyards

A
  • Ciel du Cheval
  • Kiona
  • Klipsun
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20
Q

Walla Walla Valley

Major vineyards

A
  • Pepper Bridge - 200 acres, valley floor
  • Seven Hills - 170 acres, N-facing, overlooks Rocks in Oregon
  • SeVein - development of an adjacent site in Oregon
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21
Q

Red Mountain

Acclaimed producers

A
  • Col Solare (Antinori x Ch Ste. Michelle)
  • Force Majeure
  • Upchurch Vineyards
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22
Q

Washington

Oldest vinifera plantings

A
  • Muscat of Alexandria planted in 1917
  • William Bridgman’s Upland Vineyards in Snipes Mountain
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23
Q

What is Washington’s largest AVA?

A

Columbia Valley (at 11 million acres!)

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24
Q

What was Washington’s first AVA?

A

Yakima Valley (1983)

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25
Q

What is Washington’s smallest (and warmest!) AVA?

A

Red Mountain

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26
Q

Where can you find “The Rocks”?

A

In Walla Walla Valley

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27
Q

What Washington AVAs are NOT contained within Columbia Valley?

A

Puget Sound
Columbia Gorge

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28
Q

What are the sub AVAs of Columbia Valley?

A 
Lake Chelan
Ancient Lakes
Wahluke Slope
Naches Heights
Yakima Valley
Horse Heaven Hills
Walla Walla Valley
Columbia Valley
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29
Q

What are the sub-AVAs of Yakima Valley?

A

Rattlesnake Hills
Red Mountain
Snipes Mountain
Goose Gap
Candy Mountain

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30
Q

Who owns Columbia Winery?

A

Gallo as of 2012

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31
Q

Five major wineries/parent corporations in Washington

A 
Chateau Ste Michelle
Gallo
Hogue Cellars
Hedges
K Vintners
Precept Wines (Canoe Ridge Waterbrook, Willow Crest)
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32
Q

Columbia Basin: Climate and latitude

A 
Arid continental (average diurnal shift 28º, may be up to 40º). 6-12 inches of rain annually; irrigation required for vinegrowing.
46º N, or more
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33
Q

What are synclines and anticlines?

A

Anticlines are ridgelines
Synclines are the valleys between them
In Washtingon, created by tectonic compression during the Miocene Epoch.

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34
Q

What is the Yakima Fold Belt, and how does it affect viticulture?

A

The low-lying topography of south-central Washington, striated by east-west ridges, from 4,000ft high at most, and generally no more than 1,000ft high in the valleys.
The anticlines restrict airflow and cause a temperature inversion layer, as cool air bottlenecks in the synclines. This means that valley vineyards are colder, have a smaller diurnal shift and more frost pressure than higher elevation vineyards.

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35
Q

How are Washington’s ripest vineyards situated?

A

On anticlinal ridges, facing south (seen in Red Mountain, Wahluke Slope, Horse Heaven Hills, and elsewhere); elevation and aspect grants higher degree days, temperatures, and lesser risk of frost.

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36
Q

What are two techniques used to protect against the winter cold?

A

Dual trunk training and buried canes.
Dual trunk is just what it sounds like, starting an inch or so above the soil; statistically, if one trunk dies in the winter, the other may survive.
Buried cane is used with low cordon trained vines; one fruiting cane is buried by heaping up soil around it so as to protect it from the cold; if the aboveground canopy dies over the winter, the buried cane can be unearthed and used in the coming year.

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37
Q

When were the Missoula Floods, and what physical feature caused the bottleneck in southern Washington?

A

12,000-18,000 years ago, 2 to 3 times per century as the glacier lake periodically broke through the retreating Cordilleran Ice Sheet.
The Wallula Gap bottlenecked the onrushing water, causing massive flooding of the Columbia Basin.

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38
Q

What are Touchet beds?

A

Nutrient rich deposits of gravel and other flood sediements, up to 100ft deep at the lowest points of the Columbia, Yakima, and Walla Walla Valleys.

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39
Q

At what elevation did the Missoula floods top out?

A

1200ft

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40
Q

What does the term Eolian mean?

A

Shaped by wind - referring to the loess soils of the Columbia and Willamette valleys.

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41
Q

Who is the father of Washington wine, and why?

A

Walter Clore
Pioneered the study of properly siting vinifera in Washington (prior to that, grapevines were either native, or killed off every few years by the cold); mentored the nascent WA wine industry from the 1940’s to the 1970’s.

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42
Q

Who owns the majority of Snipes Mountain? What are the two vineyards planted there?

A

Upland Estate
Upland Vineyard and Harrison Hill

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43
Q

When was Associated Vintners founded, and what was their original estate vineyard? What is the winery known as today?

A

1962; planted Harrison Hill Vineyard in 1963
Columbia Winery

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44
Q

Who was the original consulting winemaker for American Wine Growers? What is the winery known as today?

A

Andre Tchelistcheff
Chateau St Michelle

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45
Q

Major white grapes of Washington

A 
Chardonnay
Riesling
Pinot Gris
Sauvignon Blanc
Gewurztraminer
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46
Q

Major red grapes of Washington:

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Syrah
Cabernet Franc

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47
Q

What and where is Sagemoor Vineyards?

A

A vineyard network of 900 acres north of the Tri-Cities; breaks down into four smaller vineyards:
Sagemoor, Dionysus, Bacchus, Weinbau
An important source of grapes for the Washington wine industry since its planting in 1968. Lies outside of the nested AVA’s.

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48
Q

Where was Washington’s first Syrah planted, and when?

A

Red Willow Vineyard (Yakima), 1986

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49
Q

Where was Washington’s first Cabernet planted, and when? Who is the owner of the vineyard?

A

Otis Vineyard (Yakima), 1956.

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50
Q

Major vineyards of Red Mountain

A

Ciel du Cheval (1975, Jim Holmes)
Kiona (1975, John Williams)
Grand Ciel
Klipsun

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51
Q

What is the viticultural elevation of Snipes Mountain?

A

750ft (south side) and 820ft (north side) at the low end; planted all the way to the summit at 1310ft.

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52
Q

Where were the first vinifera vines planted in Washington, and when? What was the grape?

A

1917, by William Bridgman on what is now Snipes Mountain
Muscat of Alexandria

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53
Q

Name two vineyards in Rattlesnake Hills, and a producer for each. How do they appellate?

A

Two Blondes (Andrew Will)
Dubrul (Côte Bonneville)
Appelated as Yakima Valley (residual sign of the local opposition to the creation of Rattlesnake Hills).

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54
Q

Walla Walla: Rivers

A

Columbia
Walla Walla
Snake

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55
Q

What marks the eastern boundary of Walla Walla? What two subregions are located there?

A

The Blue Mountains (create a rain backdrop - higher precipitation and therefore more possible dry farming close to the foothills).
Mill Creek
North Fork of Walla Walla Valley

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56
Q

Who are the founding fathers of Walla Walla?

A 
Gary Figgins (Leonetti; first vinifera in the AVA in 1977)
Rick Small (Woodward Canyon)
Baker Ferguson (L'Ecole No. 41)
Eric Rindal (Waterbrook)
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57
Q

What is Vinea?

A

An organization devoted to promoting sustainability (not necessarily organics) in Washington, also called the Winegrower’s Sustainable Trust. Provies guidelines for environmentally friendly vineyard practices.
Collaborates with Oregon’s LIVE to conduct certifications, which are therefore accredited by IOBC (International Organization for Biological Control of Noxious Plans and Animals) and embrace the same standards as Salmon-Safe.
Currently 2/3 of Walla Walla acreage is under the Vinea umbrella, if not actually certified.

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58
Q

What is Salmon-Safe?

A

A group dedicated to the protection of the Pacific Northwest’s watersheds.

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59
Q

Top three Washington regions by planted acreage

A 
Columbia Valley (43,000)
Yakima Valley (13,452)
Horse Heaven Hills (10,584)
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60
Q

What is the second largest AVA in Washington by total acreage? How many acres are planted?

A

Puget Sound AVA
5.5 million acres total; 178 planted

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61
Q

Horse Heaven Hills: Major vineyards

A 
Champoux (1972)
Alder Ridge
Phinney Hill
Canoe Ridge
Benches
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62
Q

What is Ancient Lakes named for?

A

35 glacier lakes scattered throughout the region that moderate the temperature.

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63
Q

What is unique about Lake Chelan?

A

It is the only region in the Columbia Basin to lie outside the reach of the Missoula Floods.

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64
Q

What was the first vineyard planted in the Columbia Gorge?

A

Atavus Vineyard, planted to Pinot Noir in 1968 by Walter Clore.
Dry-farmed, 1700ft elevation.

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65
Q

What are the two key subregions of Columbia Gorge?

A 
Underwood Mountain (Washington side)
Hood River Valley (Oregon side)
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66
Q

Yakima Valley vineyards:

A

Harrison Hill (Delille)
Bouskey Vineyard
Otis Vineyard

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67
Q

What is the Yakima Valley’s hottest AVA?

A

Red Mountain
Also most densely-planted
15 hours of high summer sunshine per day

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68
Q

What style of wine is Red Mountain known for?

A
  • 70% Cabernet Sauv planted
  • Tannic, deeply-colored Bordeaux blends
  • High pH soil
  • compact clusters
  • elevation, diurnal shifts
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69
Q

What river moderates Red Mountain?

A

Yakima River
moderating influence, acid retention

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70
Q

Producers of Red Mountain:

A
  • Hedges
  • Seven Hills
  • Chateau St. Michelle
  • Kiona
  • Quiceda Creek
  • Jamnik
  • Mark Ryan Winery
71
Q

Big Producers of Red Mountain?

A
  • Col Solare (Antinori + Chateau St. Michelle)
  • Force Majeure
  • Upchurch Vineyards
72
Q

What label does the Tuscan Antinori own in Red Mountain AVA?

A

Col Solare

73
Q

Red Mountain vineyards:

A
  • Ciel du Cheval (Seven Hills, Jamik, Andrew Will)
  • Klipsun (Seven Hills)
74
Q

Celebrated Red Mountain sources?

A
  • Ciel du Cheval (1975)
  • Kiona (1975)
  • Klipsun
75
Q

What are the oldest Vinifera plantings in WA?

A
  • William Bridgman’s 1917 Muscat of Alexandria vines
  • located in Upland’s property
76
Q

Snipes Mountain’s producers?

A
  • Smasne
  • Maison Bleue
  • “first-tier” blocks of Cabernet
77
Q

Who is the largest producers in Snipe’s Mountain?

A

Upland
- farms 750/900 acres
- only estate producer in AVA

78
Q

Snipes Mountain AVA boundaries:

A
  • defined by elevation
  • 750ft southern slope
  • summit is 1310ft
  • AVA in 2009
  • raised fold, anti-cline
79
Q

Rattlesnake Hills AVA stats and geographical boundaries:

A
  • earned AVA in 2006
  • elevation is 3000ft
  • along the north bank of the Yakima River
  • protected by the Yakima Range
  • in the rainshadow of the Cascades
  • cooler than Red Mountain
  • Riesling has been historically important
80
Q

What AVA is on the north bank of the Yakima River and is protected by the Yakima Range?

A

Rattlesnake Hills AVA

81
Q

Top vineyards in Rattlesnake Hills AVA?

A
  • Andrew Wills “Two Blondes Vineyard”
  • Cote Bonnevilles “Dubrul Vineyard”
  • both label estate wines as “Yakima Valley” dislike the “Rattlesnake AVA” term
82
Q

What’s Washington’s smallest AVA?

A

Candy Mountain AVA
- approved in 2020
- south-facing slope southeast of Red Mountain AVA
- border of Yakima Valley was extended 72acres to accomodate

83
Q

What’s Washington’s newest AVA?

A

Rocky Reach - 2022

84
Q

How much of Walla Walla Valley’s total acreage lies in Oregon?

A

1/3 total acreage

85
Q

What does “Walla Walla” mean?

A

“Many tongues” in local native language

86
Q

Walla Walla lies at the confluence of what rivers?

A

The Columbia River, Walla Walla River, Snake River

87
Q

What is the Wallula Gap?

A

The bottleneck of the Missoula floods through which the Columbia River flows

88
Q

Who were the founding fathers of modern viticultural in Walla Walla?

A
  • Leonetti Cellar - Gary Figgins
  • Woodward Canyon Winery - Rick Small
  • L’Ecole - Baker Ferguson
  • Waterbrook - Eric Randal
89
Q

When was Walla Walla recognized as an AVA?

A

1984, Washington’s second AVA

90
Q

What mountains are on Walla Walla’s eastern border?

A

Blue Mountains

91
Q

Walla Walla Producers:

A
  • Seven Hills
  • Gramercy Cellars
  • Long Shadows
  • Dunham Cellars
  • Leonetti
  • Abeja
  • Tamarock
  • L’Ecole
92
Q

Walla Walla Vineyards:

A
  • Seven Hills (OR)
  • Les Collines (WA)
  • Pepper Bridge (WA)
93
Q

Christopher Baron’s “Cayuse”

A
  • est 1997
  • Rhone varieties
  • barren, cobblestone-covered flat area near OR
  • helped gain Rocks of Milton Freewater as recognized for uniqueness
94
Q

“New” producers of Walla Walla second wave?

A
  • Cayuse - Rhone varieties
  • Pepper Bridge - Bordeaux varieties
  • Waters Winery
  • Gramercy Cellars
  • Va Piano
  • Buty Winery
  • A Maurice
  • Rotie Cellars
  • Amavi
  • Chris Figgins
95
Q

Horse Heaven Hills vineyards:

A
  • Canoe Ridge (Chateau St. Michelle)
  • Champoux
  • Alder Ridge
  • The Beaches at Wallula Gap
96
Q

Horse Heaven Hills %?

A

25% of state’s grapevine acreage

97
Q

What is WA’s driest AVA?

A

Wahluke Slope “Watering Hole”
Rainfall = 6”

98
Q

Wineries in Wahluke Slope?

A
  • Weingbau (Blue Nun, sold shares)
  • Milbrandt Vineyards
  • predominately Cab, Merlot, Syrah
99
Q

Most-planted grape in the Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley AVA?

A
  • Riesling
  • white varieties account for 80%
100
Q

Reason for Ancient Lake’s name?

A
  • Temperatures are moderated by 35 glacial lakes that cut through the region
101
Q

Most important producer of Ancient Lakes?

A
  • Millbrandt Vineyards
  • farms 2 of 6 original vineyards, half of acreage
102
Q

What is Columbia Valley’s northernmost AVA?

A

Lake Chelan
- outside of Missoula
- established in 2009
- Pinot Noir and Riesling

103
Q

Royal Slope AVA:

A
  • newer WA AVA approved in 2020
  • more than 20 varietals grown
  • between Wahluke and Ancient Lakes
104
Q

What important vineyard do we find in Royal Slope AVA?

A

Stillwater Creek is most important

105
Q

Newest AVA’s approved?

A

Rocky Reach - 2022
White Bluffs AVA - 2021
The Burn of Colombia Valley - 2021

106
Q

Rocky Reach AVA

A
  • newest AVA 2022
  • between Ancient Lakes and Lake Chelan
  • lower elevation alongside Colombia River
107
Q

What sole winery is found in White Bluff’s AVA?

A

Sagemoor Vineyards
- founder in 1968
- encompasses 4 sites, 1100 acres of view

108
Q

What four sites does Sagemoore Vineyards contain (White Bluffs AVA)?

A
  • Sagemoor
  • Dionysus
  • Bacchus
  • Gamache
  • all along Columbia River, SE exposure
109
Q

Sagemoor Vineyard fruit:

A

sells grapes to 75 different wineries

110
Q

What new AVA lies between Horse Heaven Hills and Columbia Gorge?

A

The Burn of Columbia Valley
- north side of Colombia River
- adjacent to WA-OR border but fully contained in WA
- one of the warmest but winds delay maturation

111
Q

Geographical features of Columbia Gorge AVA?

A
  • positioned along OR-WA shorelines
  • on the Colombia River
  • OR’s Mount Hood as backdrop
  • rainfall quadruples across E-W
  • some of the only dry-farmed vineyards in OR are here
  • coolest appellation
  • known for wind/wind surfing
112
Q

Which Washington AVA is it’s coolest and also known for it’s wind currants/wind surfing?

A

Columbia Gorge AVA

113
Q

Top Producers of Columbia Gorge AVA?

A
  • Synchline
  • Memaloose/Idiot’s Grace
  • Analemma
114
Q

Where is Celilo Vineyard?

A
  • Columbia Gorge
  • 75 years old site
  • Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Gewurtztraminer
115
Q

Sub-regions of Columbia Gorge AVA:

A
  • Underwood Mountain (Celilo Vineyard)
  • Hood River Valley
116
Q

Columbia Gorge - more white or red?

A
  • more white
  • no single variety is king
  • Chardonnay, Riesling, Gewurtztraminer
117
Q

What’s Puget Sound’s most commercially successful grape?

A
  • “Island Belle” Black Labrusca hydrid
  • planted by homesteader Lambert Evans in 1872 on Puget Sound’s Stretch Island
  • his estate became WA’s first bonded winery (St Charles in 1933)
118
Q

What varieties doe best in Puget Sound?

A

Early-ripening Germanic crossings
- Madeline Angline
- Muller-Thurgau
- Siegerrebe

119
Q

Lewis-Clark Valley?

A
  • Washington and Idaho AVA
  • mostly in Idaho
  • w/in the Columbia Valley AVA
120
Q

What size is Puget Sound AVA?

A
  • WA’s second largest
  • but most sparsely-planted
  • 5.5 million acres -> 120 acres of vines
  • most prominent vineyards are on the islands including San Juan, Bainbridge, Lopez
121
Q

Columbia Valley AVAs:

A
  • Columbia Valley (WA/OR)
  • Yakima Valley
  • Red Mountain
  • Rattlesnake Hills
  • Snipes Mountain
  • Walla Walla Valley (WA/OR)
  • Rocks of Milton Freewater (OR)
  • Horse Heaven Hills
  • Wahluke Slope
  • Lake Chelan
  • Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley
  • Naches Heights
  • Royal Slope
  • Rocky Reach
  • The Burn of Columbia Valley
  • White Bluffs
  • Candy Mountain
  • Goose Gap
122
Q

What % of Washington’s vineyards does Columbia Valley AVA contain?

A

99%
Like Walla Walla and Columbia Gorge AVA’s, it slips over the OR state line

123
Q

How large is Columbia Valley AVA?

A
  • 11 million total acres
  • 1/3 the size of WA
124
Q

What AVA’s are NOT contained within Columbia Valley AVA?

A
  • Puget Sound
  • Columbia Gorge
125
Q

What is the flagship vineyard for Chateau St. Michelle?

A
  • Cold Creek Vineyard (850 acres)
  • one of the state’s warmest sites
  • one of the last sites outside of a nested AVA
  • has the oldest Cabernet Sauv vines from 1973`
126
Q

What was WA’s first AVA?

A

Union Gap, 1983

127
Q

What are the nested AVA’s of the Yakima River? (5)

A

(5x)
- Rattlensnake Hills
- Snipes Mountain
- Red Mountain
- Candy Mountain
- Goose Gap

128
Q

How large is Yakima Valley proportionally?

A
  • states third largest AVA in total size
  • home to 1/3 state’s total planted acreage
  • over 18,500 total acres of vine
129
Q

What was Washington’s first AVA? Its most recent?

A

Yakima Valley (1983); Rocky Reach (2022)

130
Q

Which of Washington’s AVAs are not a part of Columbia Valley AVA?

A

Puget Sound, Columbia Gorge, Lewis-Clark Valley

131
Q

Besides grapes, what other crop is Yakima Valley known for?

A

Hops (over 75% of the nation’s hops are grown here)

132
Q

Match the producer to their founding winemaker:

A
  1. Cayuse Vineyards A. Gary Figgins
  2. Quilceda Creek B. Christophe Baron
  3. Leonetti Cellars C. Chris Camarda
  4. L’Ecole D. Alex Golitzin
  5. Andrew Will Winery E. Baker Ferguson
     1=B, 2=D, 3=A, 4=E, 5=C
133
Q

Name 3 of Yakima Valley’s nested AVAs.

A

Red Mountain, Snipes Mountain, Candy Mountain, Goose Gap, Rattlesnake Hills

134
Q

What is Washington’s only winegrowing region located to the west of the Cascades?

A

Puget Sound AVA

135
Q

If simply labeled “Washington”, what % of grapes must come from the state?

A

95%

136
Q

In which AVA is Leonetti Cellars based out of?

A

Walla Walla Valley

137
Q

What are two viticultural techniques for vines to survive the winter cold in WA State?

A

Dual trunk training

buried canes

138
Q

What is the composition of geology of Washington State? Can you list the history?

A

17-6 million years ago basalt lava flows through WA & ID; basalt lava flows
18,000-12,000 years ago Missoula Floods, end of last Ice Age flood waters backed up at Wallula Gap; alluvial deposits
windblown loess

139
Q

What winery’s reputation helped establish Rocks of Milton-Freewater AVA?

A

Cayuse

140
Q

In 2023 this wine producer announced they would only be purchasing 60% of their contracted grapes which could potentially have a huge impact on the Washington wine industry at large:

A

Chateau Ste Michelle

141
Q

The above winery’s enormously popular Eroica Riesling is a collaboration with what Mosel producer?

A

Ernst Loosen

142
Q

This new AVA is noteworthy for having ridges that run east to west:

A

Goose Gap

143
Q

This AVA is at an altitude that puts it above the Missoula Floods and is therefore composed of loess rather than alluvial soils atop a bed of clay:

A

Naches Heights

144
Q

This AVA is north of the Missoula Floods and is therefore predominantly of granite parent-rock:

A

Lake Chelan

145
Q

Walla Walla is also known for its production of what vegetable?

A

Sweet onions

146
Q

This AVA is located atop an ancient lake bed/riverine deposit that it boasts as a unique subsoil known as the Ringold Formation:

A

White Bluffs

147
Q

This high altitude vineyard on the Columbia Gorge was planted in 1972 and is known for its many different white grapes:

A

Celilo

148
Q

This vineyard was also planted in 1972 in Horse Heaven Hills. Its Cabernet Sauvignon has gone into many of the best-regarded bottlings from Quilceda Creek:

A

Champoux

149
Q

The rolling hills of the Columbia Plateau give their name to this distinctively spotted horse breed developed there by the native Nez Perce:

A

Appaloosa

150
Q

Who is Christophe Baron?

A

Christophe Baron was the first grower to plant vines in the stones of the Walla Walla Valley in the Pacific Northwest – the project is Cayuse Vineyards – and in 2002, the first to introduce biodynamic farming techniques in the Valley.

151
Q

What is the northernmost sub AVA of the Columbia Valley AVA

A

Lake Chelan

152
Q

The Two Blondes Vineyard and Côte Bonneville’s Dubrul Vineyard are found in what AVA?

A

Yakima Valley AVA

153
Q

Name 3 AVAs of Washington that touch the Columbia River.

A

Columbia Gorge
Columbia Valley
The Burn
Goose Gap
White Bluffs
Wahluke Slope

154
Q

If I was flying into Seattle, what AVA would I be in?

A

Puget Sound AVA

155
Q

When were Washington’s first grapes planted and where?

A

at Fort Vancouver by the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1825

156
Q

What is the largest company in WA?

A

Chateau Ste. Michelle

157
Q

Which famous winemaker of Napa consulted American Wine Growers in 1960s?

A

Andre Tchelistcheff was advising, founded in 1934, became Chateau Ste. Michelle in 1976

158
Q

What are the main hazards of Columbia Valley?

A

frost and winter freezes

159
Q

What is the largest sub-AVA of Columbia Valley?

A

Yakima Valley AVA

160
Q

What is the mountain in Walla Walla Valley?

A

Blue Mountain, altitude up to 600m

161
Q

Which AVA would you find Red Willow, Bouchey and Otis Vineyards? Which vineyard was the first planting of Syrah in 1986?

A

Yakima

Red Willow

162
Q

Which AVA would you find Kiona, Kipson, and Col Solare vineyards?

A

Red Mountain

163
Q

Which vineyard of WA was the first planting of Cabernet Sauvignon in 1957?

A

Otis

164
Q

Who makes Two Blondes Vineyard wine?

A

Andrew Will

165
Q

What AVA is Upland Vineyard in?

A

Snipes Mountain, Yakima

166
Q

What AVA is Harrison Hill Vineyard in?

A

Snipes Mountain, Yakima

167
Q

Who was William B Bridgman?

A

1914 - pioneer of single vineyard plantings in Washington. Planted Harrison Hill and Upland vineyards and established Upland Winery- sold in 1960 and became Santa Rosa Winery (RIP).

168
Q

Who is known as the Father of Washington Wine?

A

Dr. Walter Clore 1911-2003, planted over 250 vinifera at Washington St. University in Prosser called “The Wine Project” to experiment with which varieties would thrive in Washington.

169
Q

What is the annual precipitation of Red Mountain?

A

127mm/5”

170
Q

Where is the Champoux vineyard?

A

Horse Heaven Hills

171
Q

In what AVA would you find the highest concentration of the wineries in Washington?

A

Walla Walla Valley

172
Q

What was the first AVA of Washington state?

A

Yakima Valley, 1983

173
Q

What is the warmest growing area in Washington, averaging growing season temperatures of 90F?

A

Red Mountain

174
Q

Newest AVA?

A

Rocky Reach - 2022
White Bluffs - 2021
The Burn of Columbia Valley - 2021

North America (15 decks)

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