Wartime and post-war Stalin - Economy Flashcards
Economic problems during/post war
-german occupied soviet territory contained 63% of coal, 68% of iron, 58% of steel, 45% of rail, 41% of arable land
-scorched earth policy rendered farmland useless
-grain harvest of 1942 only a third of 1940
Economic successes during wartime
-national expenditure redistributed, 29%-57% on military by end of 1942, munitions were 76% of production
-3500 new industrial enterprises built during wartime
-new furnaces at magnitogorsk and chusivaya
Support from the west during wartime
-17.5 million tons of military supplies from the west
-lend-lease scheme, 11 billon dollars of aid
-usa supplies ussr with 6400 planes, 3700 tanks, 100 ships, 210,000 vehicles
-usa also supplied raw materials and 5 mil tonnes of food
Russias industry under stalin post war
-70% of industrial capacity destroyed during war
-cominform and comecon established 1947
-1947, refusal of us marshall aid
4th 5 year plan aims
-catch up with the usa
-rebuild heavy industry and transport
-to revive the ukraine
4th 5 year plan detail
-use of extensive reparations from east germany
-long hours, low wages, high targets, female labour
-grand projects, canals and hep plants
4th 5 year plan results
-ussr became 2nd to the usa in industrial capacity
-production doubled
-urban workforce increased 67-77 million from 1941-52
5th 5 year plan aims
-continuation of development of heavy industry
-transport, consumer goods, housing
5th 5 year plan detail
-resources diverted to rearmament during korean war
-malenkov reduced expenditure of military and heavy industry post stalins death
5th 5 year plan results
-most growth targets met
-national income increased 71%
-malenkovs changes met opposition, loss of leadership 1955
4th 5 year plan agricultural aims
-force the kolkhozes to deliver agricultural products
-revive the wheat fields of ukraine
-transform nature, revitalise barren land
4th 5 year plan agricultural details
-high grain quotas and low peasant wages
-higher taxes on produce from private plots
-private land absorbed in war returned to kolkhozes
4th 5 year plan agricultural results
-state procured 70% of 1946 harvest
-output of kolkhozes increased
-half of output came from private plots
-lagged behind industry
-lysenkos ideas wrong, held farming back
Amount of pigs 1929-1950
-20mil (1929)
-10mil (1945)
-31mil (1950)
Amount of horses 1929-1950
-34mil (1929)
-10mil (1945)
-15mil (1950)
