Warning Systems Flashcards
What makes up the warning system?
- EICAS
- GPWS
- TCAS
What is inhibited during TO?
- The Master Warning Lights and Fire Bell are inhibited from rotation (nose gear extension) until 400’ RA or 20 seconds.
- Still get Fire Light and EICAS Message.
- After Rotation, TO Configuration warnings are inhibited.
- The Master Caution and aural indications are inhibited after 80 KIAS until 400’ or 20 Seconds after rotation, or in the event of a RTO, 75 KIAS.
- Datalink Lost EICAS message (from Thrust Set)
- Windshear Sys EICAS message (from Thrust Set until 400ft or 20sec)
What is inhibited during Landing?
- EICAS Comm alerts (SELCAL, ACARS, PRINTER)
- The Cabin Alert CHIME
- Inhibit starts descending below 800’ AGL and terminates at less than 75 KIAS or 900’ AGL on a GA.
What is Message Inhibit?
- When Fuel Control Switch in Cutoff, L ENG SHUTDOWN replaces individual messages.
- ## When you have multiple failures in one system, it will consolidate EICAS Messages.
Describe the Alert Message Inhibits.
- Some alert messages will inhibit others that are lower priority or connected.
- Certain alert messages are time delayed, to avoid excessive EICAS messages due to changing conditions / in transit erroneous indications.
- Altitude alerting is inhibited in flight, with the landing gear down and locked.
What will trigger a TO CONFIG Warning?
- Armed when on the ground and thrust is in the takeoff range on either engine.
- Consists of Master Warning, CONFIG warning light, aural warning siren, and associated EICAS message.
- FLAPS (not in TO position or disagree with lever)
- Parking Brake
- Spoilers (not in down detent)
- Stabilizer (not in Green band, nose up side only)
Can only be silenced by retarding thrust levers or correcting condition.
If thrust is reduced msg remains for 10sec so to identify the problem.
What will trigger a LNDG CONFIG Warning?
- In flight, LG NOT down and locked, AND
- flaps are at 25 or 30, or
- any thrust lever is at IDLE below 800’ RA
- Master Warning light and Aural Warning
- CONFIG Warning Light.
- Cannot be deactivated by pressing Master Warning Light
Can you cancel an airspeed warning?
YES! by pressing master warning
GPWS MODES
EEAUBBW
1) . Excessive Sink Rate
2) . Excessive Terrain Closure
3) . Altitude loss after TO
4) . Unsafe terrain clearance floor not in LDG config
5) . Below GS
6) . Bank Angle
7) . Windshear
GPWS Mode Priority
7). Windshear
1). Excessive Sink Rate (“Sink rate pull up”)
2). Excessive terrain closure (“terrain, terrain pull up”)
Then
-Look ahead terrain
-Look ahead obstacle
-PWS Warning
When does PWS auto display on HSI?
BLW 1200ftAGL
PWS alert occurs
WX display is not selected by either pilot and
Respective HSI is in VOR,APP,MAP or CTR MAP mode
If both pilots are on TERRAIN mode and PWS alert occurs what happens
If there is not an active TERR alert then PWS replaces TERR.
Can be deselected by pushing TERR
Will you get a TCAS TA/RA if TFC is not selected ON?
Yes
What master warning cannot be silenced?
Landing config
Autopilot disc
Takeoff config
Overspeed
When will you get an ALT ALERT
- When deviating 300ft from selected ALT.
- Will stay until back within 300ft or greater then 900ft.
- Inhibited when all LDG gear down and locked
Crew alertness monitor?
Cruise - advisory 35 min, caution 2 min later, warning 1 min after caution
Cruise to descent transition - advisory at TOD if no input for last 10 min, caution 2 min later, warning 1 min after caution
TERR WARNING - How long till impact?
TERR CAUTION
20-30sec
40-60sec
TOO LOW GEAR
Envelope penetrated Below 190 kts
TOO LOW TERRAIN
Envelope penetrated ABV 190kts
GLIDESLOPE GLIDESLOPE
Armed at 1000ft gear down
1.3 dots BLW GS
BANK ANGLE, BANK ANGLE
35 degrees
Windshear warning system armed
BLW 1500ft
Begins at rotation
Not armed on the ground
How does GPWS Windshear work? Does it need moisture?
-GPWS provides when an excessive downdraft or tailwind is occurring.
-Takes additional data from the stall warning computer and determines if decreasing performance
-Windshear conditions are occurring.
Does not need moisture
How does PWS work?
-Alerts when it detects disturbed air which contains moisture or particular matter ahead of the A/C
PWS WARNING AND CAUTION
On ground- Warning: 0.5nm to 3 nm Caution: 25degrees either side to 3nm In flight- Warning: 0.5nm to 1.5nm Caution: 25degrees either side to 3nm
When does PWS start scanning automatically
In flight BLW 2300ft AGL
On GND thrust levers are set for T/O
Wx is selected on EFIS CTRL panel and any mode other then test is selected on radar
How long after system begins scanning are PWS alerts available
12 seconds
When are PWS alerts inhibited
WARNINGS- Between 100kts and 50ftAGL CAUTIONS- Between 80kts and 400ftAGL Also inhibited by: Windshear immediate alert warnings GPWS immediate alert warnings GPWS look ahead terrain alerts
RA
15-35 secs
TA
20-48 secs
Proximate traffic
Within 6nm and 1200ft vertically
Filled diamond
Increase descent RA inhibited?
BLW 1450ft
Descend RA’s inhibited
BLW 1100ft RA
All RA’s inhibited
BLW 1000ft
“MONITOR RADAR DISPLAY”
PWS CAUTION
Maneuver as req’d to avoid windshear
Visual alert- Amber WINDSHEAR on HSI, Red and Black PWS symbol on HSI
“WINDSHEAR AHEAD, WINDSHEAR AHEAD”
PWS
Prior to V1 - Reject the T/O
After V1 - Perform Windshear escape manoeuvre
-Windshear encountered on TO roll: If encountered near V1 there may not be enough room to stop. At VR initiate a normal rotation rate toward a 15deg pitch attitude. Once airborne perform windshear escape.
-If windshear is encountered near the normal rotation speed and speed suddenly drops there may not be sufficient RWY left to accelerate back to rotation speed. Initiate a normal rotation at least 2,000ft before the end of the runway, even if airspeed is low. Higher then normal rotation rates may be needed and ensure max thrust is set.
“GO AROUND, WINDSHEAR AHEAD”
PWS WARNING
Perform WS escape or normal GA however when judged no danger clearly can continue.
Also get 5 visual alerts
“WINDSHEAR, WINDSHEAR, WINDSHEAR “
GPWS or Unacceptable flight path deviations
Perform WINDSHEAR ESCAPE
Visual alert- Windshear warning light, master warning, RED WINDSHEAR on EADI
How is PWS caution displayed
EHSI
- Black and Red PWS symbol
- Amber “Windshear” annunciation
How is PWS Warning (“Windshear Ahead”) displayed?
- WINDSHEAR light
- MASTER WARNING light
- Red WINDSHEAR on ADI’s
- RED and BLACK PWS symbol on HSI
- Red Windshear on EHSI
How is an immediate WS warning displayed
GPWS
WINDSHEAR light (Red)
Master WARNING lights
Red WINDSHEAR on both ADI’s
Aurally WINDSHEAR 3x
What are the three GPWS warnings you would conduct GPWS manoeuvre for?
“PULL UP”
“TERRAIN, TERRAIN, PULL UP”
“OBSTACLE, OBSTACLE, PULL UP”
What would you do if you received a “PULL UP” EGPWS whilst conducting the Windshear escape manoeuvre?
Continue the Windshear escape as it has priority however I would increase the pitch to stick shaker and ensure thrust levers are full forward if terrain contact is imminent.
“TERRAIN, TERRAIN, PULL UP”
EGPWS WARNING PULL UP light red Master warning lights Solid Red terrain on HSI Red TERRAIN annunciation on HSI
(20-30sec from projected impact)
“OBSTACLE, OBSTACLE, PULL UP”
EGPWS WARNING PULL UP light red Master warning lights Solid Red terrain on HSI Red OBSTACLE annunciation on HSI
(20-30sec from projected impact)
“CAUTION TERRAIN”
EGPWS CAUTION
GND PROX light (Amber)
Solid Amber terrain on HSI
Amber TERRAIN annunciation on both HSI’s
“CAUTION OBSTACLE”
EGPWS CAUTION
GND PROX light (Amber)
Solid Amber terrain on HSI
Amber TERRAIN annunciation on both HSI’s
“TOO LOW TERRAIN”
EGPWS CAUTION
GND PROX light Amber
What are the inhibits for engine start?
From start switch engagement until
- Idle RPM
- Start is aborted
- 2 min since start sw engagement
What messages are not inhibited?
ENG FUEL VALVE
ENG SHUTDOWN
ENG STARTER
STARTER CUTOUT
