War of Independence Flashcards
What did the British come to do?
spread Christianity, gain economic opportunities,
give new land to farmers
Mercantilism
Mother country takes raw materials from the colonies, turns them into finished products, then sells them back to the colonies
Mayflower Compact
States that the government gets its power from the people
What are the three theories for the Colony on Roanoke Disappearance?
The Indigenous had captured and killed them
moved somewhere else
accidentally went to the wrong island
When did slaves first arrive?
1619 and 1850
What was limiting growth in the colonies?
landowners having the most land
surrounded by French and Indigenous
diverse population
Slavery
happened prior to eurpean expansion
slaves were brought to America stacked on top of each other in ships
illegal for them to learn to read and write
Treaty of Paris
British obtain Canada and Florida
Spanish get Louisiana
Albany Plan
Plan to unite colonies had been defeated by British and as a result, there was a disorganization and many refused to fight outside their colonies
Enlightenment
interest in science
The sugar act
tax on sugar, wine, coffee, and cloth
the stamp act
tax on all legal documents
Quartering Act
Americans having to house and feed British soldiers
Boston tea party
Americans dressed as Indigenous and dumped tea into the harbor
Boston massacre
a mob that killed 5 British soldiers
Bunker hill
British frontal attack
Americans lost
what happened at the 2nd continental Congress?
The war of Independence began
what is the structure of the declaration?
Preamble / Intro
Declaration of Rights
Lists of grievances
Formal declaration
War of Independence, Battle of New York
First battle since America declared war on Brits British victory
War of Independence, Battle of Trenton
Americans Victory
boosted American morale
War of Independence, Battle of Princeton
Americans Victory
boosted American morale
War of Independence, Battle of Saratoga
Americans Victory
helped persuade the French to help the Americans
War of Independence, Battle of Valley Forge
no battle, no winner
training for militia, helped defeat the brits
War of Independence, Indigenous role
Fought to defeat American invasion of Canada
British encouraged and supplied
War of Independence, African American role
Fought in continental Army
Rhode Island regiment included African Americans
War of Independence, women’s role
Acted as spies 🕵️
Molly Pitcher - carried water to troops, took husband’s place in battle after he was killed
George Washington
Military leader, general, politician, and founding father
Commanded the Continental army
Capt. John Smith
Imposed military style discipline to help save colonies through bartering with the Indigenous People
Nathaniel Bacon 🥓
Led rebellion in 1676
Burnt down Jamestown
James Oglethorpe
Wanted to establish a military outpost against Spanish in Florida
Amos Fortune
Bought people out of slavery while also funding schools
William Pitt
Becoming Britain’s Minister of War
His army penetrates Quebec against Montcalm
General Wolfie
Commander in Chief for Quebec expedition - takes Quebec City from Montcalm
Louis XV
King of France
