war Flashcards
who did speer replace?
todt
when did britain start preparing for war?
1936
when did the usa join the war?
dec 1941
introduction of the truman doctrine
1947
establishment of a marxist-leninist party in the east
1949
end of the berlin blockade
12 may 1949
% of civil servants in the west with nazi pasts
est 60%
proportion of the population that were fatherless after the war
1/4
german ww2 casualties
4.3 million
% of national income from marshall aid
5%
when were german pows brought home from the ussr?
1955
how much east german industry had been nationalised by 1949?
76%
east german school reform 1946
law for the democratisation of schools- abolition of private and religious schools,
expansion of pre schools
no of women who left their jobs pre-war
360k
why did currency reform happen?
to end inflation and create a more stable currency- incompetence in nazi economic planning, black market
uk vs germany military spending 1939
1/3 germany vs 1/2 uk
meat ration 1939 vs 1945
750 vs 250g/week
evidence of lack of cooperation between east and west
stalin not being properly consulted on currency reform
when did speer become minister of armaments?
feb 1942
what % of the workforce was working on war related projects by 1941?
55%
1939-41 increase in plane production, 42-3 increase
2k- which is not a lot apparently
11k- which is a lot apparently
2 changes speer made
stopped conscription of skilled workers, closed non essential businesses as part of ‘total war’
dresden- year and death toll
1945, 2.5k
berlin airlift- no of planes and average calories
1 per minute by april, 2300
number of people conscripted
4 million
no killed after the stauffenburg plot
5k
when was the deutschemark introduced
june 1948
peak of tank production
1944, 19k
what did speer set up in 1942 and why was it useful?
central planning board, co ordinated production- e.g. by using prison labour and women being employed
total arms production increase due to speer
49%
weaknesses of the war economy
- cost for ordinary people- sacrificed quality of life/consumer goods for total war
- allied bombing destroyed infrastructure such as railways
- new territory not exploited
- demands of total war never met, production below its potential
example of organisations that controlled the war economy
- economy and armaments office
- ministry for armaments
- economic ministry
what percentage of target did oil production reach in 1942?
45%
number of small businesses that went bankrupt in the runup to war
300k
how much did speer increase tank output?
97%
when was bonhoffer banned from preaching?
1940
when/why clothes rationing was ended
1943 because the government no longer manufactured clothes
why didn’t production reach its full potential under speer?
- goods stolen from new land
- bombing meant resources had to be diverted
name and problems with nazi regional management due to the war
gauleiters
stopped speer’s policy from being carried out
% of property destroyed in dresden
70
weapons developed near the end of the war
v1 and v2 rockets
destruction of housing from bombing
20% destroyed and 30% damaged
cost of importing food
$700 mil/yr
