W8 Acquiring Information System Flashcards
Explain what is cost benefit analysis and the different models used
identifying how to best spend limit resources
Net present Value: value/ cost of the project
Return on Investment: effectiveness asset > Profits
Breakeven analysis: When total profit = cost
Business case approach: Justifying the finding
Discuss the different way to write up a IS application
prewritten application: standard features, need to
TIME/COST: low, cheap
SYSTEM: need to consider current/ future needs
EXAMPLE: Open sources
Customised - prewritten application: Customising existing
TIME/COST: high,
SYSTEM: can quickly become obsolete
EXAMPLE: Outsourcing
Discuss the advantages in acquiring IS through a lease
TIME: low
COST: effective
SHOPPING: Try before buy AND different options
Discuss the disadvantages in acquiring IS through a lease
REQUIREMENT: Not exact match, cannot modify IMPLEMENTATION Difficult to integrate SYSTEM We do not know how the software foundmental works VENDOR: No control, risk of discontinuing
Discuss the different method of acquiring IS through a lease
Application Service provider: Build for the company OWNERSHIP: Own, COST: invest SaaS: OWNERSHIP: Rent, COST: utility
Identify reason why an organisation might want to insource
YES to COMPANY SKILL: Core Competency Cheap to build YES to INFORMATION SYSTEM: Skills required able to handle peak load Protect DATA: When Data Sensitive, Data require consolidation YES to TIME: Not enough time NO to OUTSOURCE: Expect to outsourcer to discontinue, poor culture and experience
Explain what is Feasibility Study and the different studies conducted
Feasibility Study: Keep/Improve/New
Technical feasibility:
Economical: acceptable financial risk
Behavioural: Identifying human issues
Explain the role of the IT governance/ Steering Committee
decide which recommendation to undergo
- Announce
- Perform system analysis
- Budget the full cost of completing SDLC
- Monitor
Explain what is System design under SDLC and
Identify what areas are targeted by system design SDLC
Identifying the necessary specification to Resolving the business Problem build and implement the system BUSINESS PROCESS: Outputs, Input, Processes TECHNICAL Hardware, software and data Design
Identify the different methods of implementing a IS
Direct (Plunge): OLD: discontinued, NEW: Start
Risky, no fall back system
Parallel: OLD: Continue, NEW: Start
Double entry
Phased: OLD: Limited Time, NEW: One module at a time
Pilot: OLD: Limited time, NEW: Different areas
Phrased and pilot: Gradual to test for bugs
Discuss the advantages of SDLC
REQUIREMENT: Collect most of user needs
SYSTEM: maintain standards = Better quality
EMPLOYEE: Systematic = Help staff learn, Easy to understand
Discuss the disadvantages of SDLC
REQUIREMENT
Objectives are frozen, unlike agile
Difficult to describe requirements for the system
IMPLEMENTATION:
Long process
EMPLOYEE:
Excessive documentation = a lot of and hard to study
Explain what is Rapid application development and the advantages and disadvantages
The program is automatic generated from models
REQUIREMENT: Actively involve users
IMPLEMENTATION: (+) Fast to create/maintain/modify
COST: (+) Low
SYSTEM: (-) machine do not consider optimisation, etc
Low quality,
Limited functionality,
Limited adaptability,
only for components and not final system
OTHER: (+) low documentation,
Explain what is Joint Application Design and the advantages and disadvantages
Group meeting => define + system requirement REQUIREMENT: (+) Involves many users IMPLEMENTATION:(+) Saves time, Easy to implement COST: (+) Lower training cost SYSTEM: (+) High quality OTHER: (+) Generate lot of user support (-) Attendance, problem associated to group meetings
Explain what is Agile development and the advantages and disadvantages
Delivering functionality using rapid iterations, frequent REQUIREMENT: (+) Flexible (can change requirement), Constant communication SYSTEM: (-) Important are first, immediate features = limited
Explain what is End User Development and the advantages and disadvantages
User develops their own tools REQUIREMENT: (+) Direct meet user needs, Promote acceptance of NS, User control the application SYSTEM: (-) Lower quality maybe cannot integrate poor control High maintenance, OTHER: (+) Bypass IS department = Free up IT resources OTHER: (-) Documentation lacking
Explain what is Component base development and the advantages
Using standard components (off the shelf components) to build an application
SYSTEM: (+)
Less programming,
Focused on assembly
Explain what is Integrated Computer-Assisted Software Engineering Tools (ICASE) and the advantages and disadvantages
Tool for decision making and computer modelling
CASE model + RAD = Automatic system generation
REQUIREMENT: (+)
Meet user needs,
Flexible and adaptable to changes in business
REQUIREMENT: (-) Heavily relies on accurate user requirements
IMPLEMENTATION: (+) speed up development process
COST: (-) High
SYSTEM: (+) Long expected life
SYSTEM: (-) Difficult to customise the end product
OTHER: (+) Excellent documentation
Explain what is Object oriented development and the advantages and disadvantages
SYSTEM: (+)
Real world entities,
Reusable code
SYSTEM: (-) Limited scope
Explain what is system analysis
Understand the current/existing system
Gather System requirements
What and how it does it and
Strength and weakness of the system
Result: Whether to
Improve the current
Replace with a new system
New System
What does the new system need to do?
Explain what is the maintenance phrase
Up to date reports on the performance of the IT system
AUDIT
Working as expected
System Load: Identifying usage and excess capacity
Availability: uptime and downtime
Effectiveness of IS
Maintenance
Updating: to accommodate for changes
Security: Consider potential risk and controls
Identifying and resolving breaches
Customer satisfaction
Explain what the investigation process in SDLC
Understanding the business problem
Anticipating the likely/possible problems
Specify technical options
