W6 Smoking + modifiable factors Flashcards
What are diseases associated with smoking?
Lung, oral/throat, bladder, oseophageal, laryngeal, cervical, pancreatic and kidney cancer.
Cardiovascular diseases, periodontitis.
What type of risk factor is smoking?
Modifiable!
In comparison to non smokers smokers usually have in oral disease?
Most likely to have periodontal disease.
↑ pocketing
↑ probing depths
Bone loss
What are the impacts of smoking on the host response?
Impairs usual mechanisims for fighting infections, enhances destruction.
Thus affecting the immune response
How does smoking impair the patients immune response?
Decreased neutrophil in GCF by impairing phagocytosis & chemotaxis.
↓ immunoglobulin response. Impairing fibroblast function, CT matrix & bone.
What is the typical appearance of a smokers ginigival appearance?
Little oedema, looks more fibrotic, ↓ bleeding upon probing.
How does smoking impact the biofilm?
Higher levels for anaerobes and aerobes, favourable for porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatobacteractinomycetemcomitians.
Therefore favorable environment for dysbiosis
What are the impacts of smoking on periodontal tx?
Impairs healing of:
periodontal surgery
instrumentation.
What may the impacts of smoking cessation?
Increased gingival bleeding, return to inflammatory and healing response. Reduction in probing depth.
What is the risk of smoking in regards to amount of ciggarettes smoked?
Dose responsive in term of odds in developing periodontitis
How do you document clinical documentation in notes?
How many cig per day. Past and present smoking habits, discussions w patient regarding smoking.
What can smokeless tobacco result in?
Increased inflammatory response in the tissues, ↑ break down of periodontium, attachment loss/gingival recession.
Describe the aetiology of periodontal disease?
Results when the balance is changed between pathogenic bacteria and the hosts inflammatory response. Affected by local/systemic factors
What are local risk factors?
Factors the increase plaque retention, plaque pathogenixity or directly damage periodontium. Some cannot be eliminated like crowded teeth
What is a systemic risk factor?
Diabetes Stress Haematological disorders (med) Osteoporosis Hormonal fluctations Genetic factors HIV AIDS
