W6

Question 1

What are PMSs

Answer 1

Pharmacy management system
- support the delivery of patient care including the dispensing of drugs
- ability to record, display, store, and exchange patient specific information
- must facilitate both information exchange with external systems (eg. EHR)
o preserving the confidentiality and security of all personal health information processed or transmitted

Question 2

PSM vs EMR

Answer 2

o a product order/inventory management system
o detailed medication product information, including quantities, expiry dates, appearance
o insurance/health benefit electronic billing

Question 3

What are Databases?

Answer 3

• A structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system
• The records or the data meant to be shared by many users for a variety of applications

Question 4

the main component of a database?

Answer 4

• The heart of a database is the DBM2 (Database management system)
• allows the creation, modification, and updating the database; the retrieval of data; and generation of reports

Question 5

Examples of DBMS

Answer 5

Database management system

• MS Access
• MySQL
• IBM D2B
• Oracle database
• MS SQL Server

Question 6

Databases in our Lives

Answer 6

o	Public library 
o	University phone book 
o	Bank 
o	Insurance 
o	Credit Card

Question 7

the benefits of belonging to these databases

Answer 7

o Access to books,m oney
o Making contact with people
o Paying without cash
o Storing/accessing money

Question 8

Drawbacks of belonging to these databases

Answer 8

o Potential risks to privacy
o Opportunities for crime
o Errors can lead to problems (credit denial)

Question 9

Hierarchy of Data

Answer 9

Field: a particular piece of data (name + value)

Record: a collection of related data (fields) about one entity, situation, or event

Table or file: an unordered collection of related records having the same attributes (names and types of fields), representing a collection of similar entities, situations, or events

Question 10

Single vs Multi-Tablet Management

Answer 10

Advantages

• All data kept together (like a single worksheet)
• Stored data similar to useful data entry and report format

Difficulties

• Duplication of data
• Waste of space
• Costly to update
• Greater chance for error

Question 11

Normal Form

Answer 11

• Database normalization is the process of organizing the fields and tables within a relational database to minimize redundancy and dependency
• This process typically involves breaking tables into smaller tables and defining relationships between them

Question 12

Tables Relationship

Answer 12

• Records in one table may be linked to records in another table by comparing the values stored in any fields in those tables

Question 13

Primary Key

Answer 13

• Primary key uniquely identifies occurrences/records (rows) (eg. student ID identifies a unique student, name, and address)
• Cannot be empty and is used to identify the rest of the record in the table
• Eg. student number, ISBN, acquisition number, part number, car registration, model number, etc
  o May require more than one field to make each record unique (compound or composite key)

Question 14

Types of Relationships

Answer 14

1-1, 1-many, many to many

Question 15

1-to-1 relationship

Answer 15

Occurs when one record in one tablet matches exactly one record in another table

• product -> product package
• Employee-> office

Question 16

1-to-many relationship

Answer 16

Occurs when one record in one table matches several records in another table
ex: physical -> patient (physician has many patients)

Empolyee -> department

Question 17

Many-to-many relationship

Answer 17

Occurs when records in one table have many associations in either direction

ex: sales person -> sales area (sales person can call many cities, city can be a sales area for many sales persons)

student -> courses

Question 18

Defining Relationships

Answer 18

When defining a relationship specify
o Name of related field
o Fields to be linked
 Always a field in Table A and how it is related to some fields in Table B
 Often, but not always, “foreign key in A = primary key in B”
o Relationship type – there are 3 types

Question 19

Retrieving Data

Answer 19

• Technical term: querying database
• Usually use SQL (structured query language)
• In its simplest form, a query consists of two parts:
  o A SELECT list, where the columns to be retrieved are specified
  o A FROM clause, where the table or tables to be accessed are specified