W5 Flashcards
Independant variable
Factors influencing the outcome being studied
Dependant variable
Result or outcome being studied
Internal validity
The extend to which the outcome of a study can be attributed to the cause (IV) - accuracy of findings
External validity
The extent to which the findings can be generalised beyond the sample, can the results be replicated
Quantitative research designs and examples
Observational - cross sectional, case cohorts, cohort studies
Experimental - RCT and Quasi experimental designs
Cross sectional study
‘Prevalence’ study, snapshot of frequent and characteristics of a health condition/state among a population at a point in time
Cohort study
Group that has something in common who are followed or studied over time. Cohort do not have the disease when recruited
Case-control study
Retrospective study design, case are those who exhibit the outcome, controls are the participants with similar characteristics but do not exhibit the outcome
Experimental study
Establishes cause and effect between IV and DV, allows researches to actively intervene
Qualitative research design examples
Descriptive, phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory
Descriptive
Rely on pure description rather than theory, provides a comprehensive summary of events, situation or experience
Phenomenology
Uncovers thoughts, perspectives, feelings and behaviours from the perspective of a person
Ethnography
Origins in anthropology, explores cultural groups
Types of ethnography
Traditional, focused and auto ethnography
Grounded theory
Uses a systematic set of procedures to develop an inductively derived grounded theory about a phenomenon
