W3: Blood Vessels of the Head and Neck

Question 1

LO

Answer 1

Question 2

LO arteries vs veins.

Answer 2

Question 3

1. Features of arteries, comment on
   A) endothelium thickness
   B) valves?
   C) pathways?
   D) are arteries Superficial to veins?

Answer 3

Thicker
No valves
Pulmonary N systemic
No, veins Superficial

Question 4

2. Arteries of the neck
   A) giant trunk coming off heart and its 3 branches are?
   B) one of the branch further divides into 2 arteries what is it?

Answer 4

Arch of Aorta: BCT,LCC,LSUBC
BT= RCC and RSUBC

Question 5

BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK divides into what 2 arteries?

Answer 5

Right common carotid
Right subclavian

Question 6

Label

Answer 6

Question 7

Which artery has an anterior, posterior and terminal branch?

List the branches.

Answer 7

3. External Carotid Artery Branches
   EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

Question 8

Label
A) what is main artery
B) anterior vs posterior vs terminal branches?

Answer 8

3. External Carotid Artery Branches

Question 9

What are the anterior branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 9

3. External Carotid Artery Branches
   DEFINITIVE FEATURES OF ANTERIOR BRANCHES

Question 10

Where does the facial artery branch from?

What are further 4 branches of the facial artery?

Answer 10

3. External Carotid Artery Branches
   BRANCHES OF THE FACIAL ARTERY

Question 11

Label 1,2,4,16.

What is the main artery and its branches?

Answer 11

v

Question 12

What are the posterior branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 12

3. External Carotid Artery Branches
   DEFINITIVE FEATURES OF POSTERIOR BRANCHES
   - ascending pharyngeal
   - occipital
   - ear

Question 13

What does the external carotid artery bifurcate terminally as?

Answer 13

v4. External Carotid Artery Terminal Branches
BIFURCATION OF THE EXTERNAL CAROTID

Question 14

External Carotid Artery Terminal Branches

Answer 14

4. External Carotid Artery Terminal Branches

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

A) what is maxillary artery branched from?
B) what is its branches?

Answer 16

4. External Carotid Artery Terminal Branches
   MAXILLARY ARTERY BRANCHES

Question 17

Label

Answer 17

4. External Carotid Artery Terminal Branches

Question 18

Which artery is unbranched in neck then arises through bifurcation of the CCA?

Answer 18

5. Internal Carotid Artery
   remains unbranched in neck, makes way to cranial fossa. dw too much abt it.

Question 19

Vein Fts
- walls
- called ‘t______’
- how does it travel to heart?
- valves?

Answer 19

blood coming back to heart
- blood with no oxygen, return low pressure
- 80% body is in venous system
- thin walled, in specimen it’s blue tinge (thick= pale)
- venous return helped by valves and gravity (H&N gravity helps) and adj pressure from structures.
- variation in veins- diff for each person
- not branches, tributaries (blood from periphery to heart)

Question 20

a) main vein to blood
b) tributery to that main blood
c) tributery to b

Answer 20

. Veins of the neck
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
TRIBUTARIES
- SVC drains all Deox blood to heart
- tributaries of 2x BCV
- internal juglar vein + subclavian

Question 21

• tributary to jugular vein

Answer 21

Veins of the neck
JUGULAR VEINS
2 types
- external and internal (deep),
- diff btw is that internal forms tributary with Subclavian

Question 22

2. Veins of the neck

Answer 22

• EJV drains to subclavian

Question 23

What are the tributaries of retromandibular vein?

Describe the anterior and posterior tributary branches of the RMV:

Answer 23

3. Retromandibular Vein Tributaries and branches

Question 24

Where is the pterygoid venous plexus?
What drains into it?
Where does it drain to?

Answer 24

4. Pterygoid Venous Plexus
   - veins on head come down to join Retromandibular vein (behind mandible)
   - RMV divides to post and ant branch
   - anterior branch form tribs to common facial vein
   - facial vein across face + Ant branch of RMV= drain to internal jugular vein (formed in cranial foss) -> brachiocephalic vein

DIFF
- post RMV: tribs to post. auricular vein, form ext. jugular vein in neck. on sternocleido muscle (vs internal formed at skull)

Question 25

Do sinuses have veins? Where do they drain?

Answer 25

5. Intracranial Venous Sinuses brain has layer of dura - dura close to skull -layer of dura that dips down to go down btw parts of brain - parts of dura that goes up - top = periostium, bottom is meningeal: space btw= sinuses - veins from bones - lots of venous sinuses - MOST drain to internal jugular vein

Question 26

List the three branches of the arch of the aorta

Answer 26

-

Question 27

List the anterior branches of the external carotid artery

Question 27

List the posterior branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 27

- a pharyngeal - ear - occ

Question 27

List the terminal branches of the brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 27

Its two terminal branches are the right carotid artery (which sends blood to your brain) and your right subclavian artery (which sends blood to your right arm).

Question 27

List the terminal branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 27

Question 28

Which branch of the maxillary artery supplies the mandible?

Answer 28

The inferior alveolar artery - runs inferiorly and anteriorly towards the inferior alveolar nerve, to meet the nerve at the mandibular foramen. The artery runs further anteriorly in the mandible, supplying the pulps of the mandibular teeth (with its dental branches) and the body of the mandible.

Question 28

List the three types of jugular veins

Answer 28

Exterior jugular veins: These veins provide blood flow return from areas outside your skull. ... Interior jugular veins: These are larger than the external veins and allow blood from your brain to return to your chest. ... Anterior jugular veins: These are the smallest of the jugular veins.

Question 29

List the tributaries of the external jugular vein

Answer 29

Besides the posterior division of the retromandibular vein and the posterior auricular vein, the external jugular vein also receives the cervical, suprascapular and anterior jugular veins as tributaries near its termination

Question 30

What is an extensive valveless bunch of veins that parallels the medial two thirds of the maxillary artery on the lateral aspect of the medial pterygoid muscle, within the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 30

pterygoid venous plexus - form maxillary vein - what drains into it? when look at max artery and where its going (e.g. mandible, teeth, palate)... those regions supp by artery= go to venous plexus and drain in (max vein?) Note. Many veins in head have no valves. Potential route of infection.