W3 Biological boundries Flashcards
What are neurons?
Cells that specialise in the transfer of information within nervous system
What are the components of neurons?
Sensory Motor Interneurons
Describe sensory neurons
Transmit infomation from sensory receptors to the brain (afferent)
Describe motor neurons
Transmit commands from the brain to the muscles and glands of the body (efferent)
Describe Interneurons
Interconnect neurons, most common
What is the anatomy of the neuron
- Dendrites (hair)
- Cell body (nucleous)
- Axon (body)
- Terminal Buttons (feet)
What is a neuron
A neuron polarised with a - charge on the inside of the cell membrane The + charge rests outside
Describe depolarised
Increased firing potential (termed graded potentials)
Describe hyperpolarised
Decreased firing potential (termed graded potentials)
What are neurotransmitters?
Are chemicals that transmit info from one cell to another (sits on dendrite)
What are the key neurotransmitters?
Glutamate GABA Dopamine Serotonin Acetylcholine Endorphins and Enkephalins
What can neurotransmitters do?
Either increase or decrease firing potential
What is the endocrine system
Is a collect of glands that release hormones into the blood stream
What is the endocrine system
Is a collect of glands that release hormones into the blood stream, a global message that sends messages
What organs are involved in the endocrine system? (structure)
Pituitary Thyroid Adrenals Pancreas Ovaries Testes
Describe thyroid gland
Released hormones that control growth and metabolism
Describe Adrenal Gland
Secretes adrenalin and other hormones in to physiological/emotional stressors
Describe Pancreas
produced hormones that control blood sugar level
Describe the Somatic Nervous System
Apart of the Peripherial NS
Carries sensory infomation to the brain and motor neurons that direct the action of skeletal muscles
Describe Autonomic Nervous System
Controls basic life processes such as heart beat, breathing and digestive system
