w3 Flashcards
The production of new cells to bring about growth, replacement of damaged cells and the production of new generations of individuals among some groups of organisms can happen through one of the wonderful processes taking place in the body of living things—-
Cell division
2 kinds of cell division
Mitosis and Meiosis
Body cells in which mitosis happens
Somatic cells
Responsible in the increase in weight and height of the baby girl as she grew and developed into a teenager.
It is also responsible for the healing of the wound when a part of the body is accidentally cut or scratched.
Mitosis
Takes place in the ovaries and testes of animals, including humans.
It is responsible for the formation gametes or sex cells-sperm cell and egg cell.
Meiosis
New cells are formed through—-
Cell division
New cells are formed through cell division. This is one important breakthrough that was discovered by:
Rudolf Virchow
In what year did Rudolf Virchow made his discovery?
1858
What was Rudolf Virchow’s occupation?
German Pathologist
The process of cell division is repeated over and over in a process called:
Cell Cycle
Described as the resting stage, resting because the cell is not dividing but is very active in performing metabolic activities.
Interphase
In this stage of mitosis, the nuclear membrane and nucleolus begin to breakdown.
Prophase
In Prophase, the chromatins change until they become double-stranded and are called
Chromatids
The double-stranded chromosomes are connected at one point called—
Centromere
In this stage of mitosis, the double-stranded chromosomes called chromatids align themselves at the equator of the cell.
Metaphase
Structure in centromere that attaches each chromatid to the spindle
Kinetochore
In this stage of mitosis, forces originating from the poles pull the chromatids to move. Consequently, the centromere splits, separating the chromatids into new, single-stranded chromosomes.
Anaphase
the final stage of mitosis. The chromosomes now have reached the opposite poles.
Telophase
What stage does mitosis and meiosis have in common and are similar?
Prophase
The metaphase stage of mitosis and meiosis are the same except:
In meiosis, there is a pairing of homologous chromosomes, forming a tetrad
Homologous chromosomes
Synapsis
One set of chromosomes(ex: gametes)
Haploid
In humans, haploids are
number=23
Two sets of chromosomes(ex: all body cells except gametes)
Diploid
In humans, diploids are
2n=46
