W2L2 - Neural mechanisms of face perception in humans and non-humans

Question 1

Evidence for face neurons from human adaptation

Answer 1

1. ) Face Adaptation of Neurons (neurons adapted to see faces)
2. ) Bistable perception (See one face then other)

Question 2

What are the 3 studies of neural mechanism of face-processing in non-human primates

Answer 2

1. ) Single Cell
2. ) fMRI
3. ) Microstimulation

Question 3

Single Cell Study in face-processing in non-human primates

Answer 3

Neurons show preference for faces in IT

Question 4

fMRI study in face-processing in non-human primates

Answer 4

“Face Area” in Macaques:

Recorded 400 cells in “face area” (identified by fMRI) and 97% of visually responsive neurons responded to faces.

Apple and clock showed some response (roundness? property of faces?)

Question 5

Micro-stimulation in face-processing in non-human primates

Answer 5

Stimulated neurons in IT and influence face/flower perception.

Stimulate > Higher likelihood to see faces at all noise
No stimulate > Equal probably to see face/flower
> Stimulation effect greatest for face-selective cells

Question 6

Human Studies for face-perception and neural. What do they use

Answer 6

1. ) MEG

2. ) fMRI

Question 7

MEG Study for face-perception in humans neural.

Answer 7

MEG (Cross of EEG and fMRI)

Temporal responses for faces consistently higher M170. No significant difference between cars and shoes for experts

Question 8

fMRI Study for face-perception in humans neural.

Answer 8

FFA responded more:

(1) Intact Face > Two-Tone Face
(2) Faces > Houses
(3) 3/4 Face > Hands

FFA: Holistic; LOC (Lateral Occipital): Changes in Parts

Question 9

fMRI Study for face-perception in humans neural. What happens to bistable stimuli and FFA

Answer 9

Bistable Stimuli: FFA more active when a face is perceived

Question 10

What are neural evidence to suggest FFA is related to level of expertise

Answer 10

FFA activation for face, CAR, BIRD experts in FFA

Car expert no FFA for bird object, vice versa

Question 11

Why are cars,birds,dogs criticized for using as expert for face-perception.

Answer 11

They do not have face-like properties (Similar features arranged in similar configurations; Recognition at subordinate level; Stimuli for which participants are experts)

Question 12

What happens when greebles become experts in FFA

Answer 12

FFA change and whole part effect demonstrated AS A RESULT of expertise

Question 13

Comparative fMRI: Human v Macaque

Answer 13

Activate the same areas

Question 14

Face Perception: 8 Epilepsy Faces Single Units

Answer 14

Single units responded not only to faces, but familiar faces such as Halle Barry
> Not only face information, but identity

Question 15

Face Perception: fMRI + ECoG

Answer 15

Category-selective response in ventral temporal cortex (VTC)
Using High Frequency Broadband (30-160HZ), strong positive correlation between fMRI and ECoG signal. Tighter for faces than houses

Question 16

What happens with FFA is electrically stimulated

Answer 16

EBS of right FG: Distort Face

EBS of left FG: Distort non-specific Visual Changes (e.g. color)