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Dermatology > W2L2 Eczema & AD > Flashcards

W2L2 Eczema & AD Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Def Eczema?

A

Severe inflammatory skin reaction induced by external &/ internal factors

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2
Q

Stages of Eczema? (3)

A

1) Acute eczema
- Strong irritant

2) Subacute eczema:
- Repeated Weak irritants

3) Chronic eczema

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3
Q

Char Acute Eczema? (4E)

A
  • Erythema
  • Edema
  • Vesicles
  • Exudation +- crust
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4
Q

Char Subacute Eczema? (3)

A
  • Mild erythema
  • Papules & some scaling
  • Caused by Repeated Weak irritants
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5
Q

Char Chronic Eczema? (4) DSLF

A
  • Dryness
  • Scaling
  • Fissuring
  • Lichenification (inc thickness, pigmentation & skin markings)
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6
Q

Clinical examples of eczema?

A
  1. Contact dermatitis (Exogenous eczema):
    • Irritant contact dermatitis
    • Allergic contact dermatitis
    • Infective eczymatoid dermatitis
  2. Atopic dermatitis (Endogenous eczema):
    • Others: Pompholix, stasis dermatitis.
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7
Q

Def Contact Dermatitis?

A

Inflammation of skin due exposure to external agent (chem/phy)

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8
Q

Clinical types CD?

A

1) Irritant contact dermatitis
•Phototoxic contact Dermatitis

2) Allergic contact dermatitis
•Photoallergic C.D

3) Infective eczymatoid dermatitis

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9
Q

Irritant Contact Dermatitis?

A

Irritant: agent causing dermatitis on first exposure (non immunologic process)

Strong irritant as acids & alkalie -> acute eczema.

Repeated Weak irritants as soap, detergents, organic solvents, plant & Animal products -> subacute or chronic eczema

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10
Q

Phototoxic CD?

A

• Occur after activation of irritant by UVR
• Localized to areas of exposure

Examples of Phototoxic agent:
• Tar & psoralen paint, plants (phytophotodermatitis)

• Occur after activation of irritant jelly fish secretion by UVR on coming out of water

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11
Q

Def Allergic Contact dermatitis?

A

Immunologic process due exposure to allergen/sensitizer

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12
Q

Allergic Contact dermatitis?

A

Sensitizer: agent coz dermatitis after latent period as (nickel, lead, chrome, cosmetics, Jewelry, perfumes, topical antibiotics, anesthetics)

Acute, sub acute or chronic eczema

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13
Q

Photoallergic CD?

A

Occur after activation sensitizer by UVR

Example Photoallergic agent: Perfumes, cosmotics, sunscreen

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14
Q

C/P Infectious Eczematoid (Infective) Dermatitis? COPE

A
  • Erythema
  • Pustules
  • Oozing
  • Crust & maybe dry & scaly
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15
Q

Sites Infectious Eczematoid (Infective) Dermatitis? (5)

A
  • Around discharging ear
  • Wound
  • Ulcer
  • Sinuses
  • +- scalp in Pediculosis, trunk in scabies.
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16
Q

Ttt Infectious Eczematoid (Infective) Dermatitis? (5)

A
  • Topical drying lotion
  • KMnO4
  • Saline
  • Topical Abic-steroid combination
  • Systemic Abic.
17
Q

Diagnosis of CD? (3)

A
  • Lesions localized to site of contact (SUSPECT)
  • Improvement eruption on elimination causative agent (irritant/sensitizer)
  • Patch test
18
Q

Prevention CD? (3)

A

• Avoid contact
• Protect skin
• Check early signs dermatitis

19
Q

Treatment CD? (5)

A
  1. Removal of the cause
  2. Use emolient creams Hypoallergenic, & fragrance free
    - Use before & after work
    - Ensure all parts of hands are covered
  3. Topical CS
  4. Systemic AntiHistamine
  5. Systemic steroid (severe cases)
20
Q

Def Atopic Dermatitis?

A

Chronic relapsing itchy inflammatory skin dis w diverge C/P & personal/fam history Atopy

Atopy: group of genetic immune mediated diseases as Bronchial asthma , hay fever, allergic rhinitis & Atopic Dermatitis

21
Q

Etiology AD?

A

Genetic defect in fillagerin gene = Defective skin barrier

22
Q

C/P Of Atopic Dermatitis?

A

• Pruritus (itching) lead to rash
• Dry scaly skin
• Crusted lesions on face, scalp, trunk & extremities + Lichenification (w chronic course)

• Causes of symptoms exacerbation:
- Emotional stress
- Low humidity & Cold weather
- Seasonal allergies, Flowers pollen
- Cigarette smoke
- Exposure to harsh detergents , soaps, Rough clothes,Synthetic fibers or wool
- Dust, Animal fur or sand
- Perfumes, Cosmetic products

23
Q

Stages of Atopic Dermatitis?

A

• Clinically
• Infantile Atopic Dermatitis.
• Childhood Atopic Dermatitis.
•Adulthood Atopic Dermatitis

24
Q

Infantile atopic dermatitis?

A

Age: 2m- 2y

C/P : Itchy Oedematous discrete & conflunet papules & vesicles,
w oozing & crust

Sites: Face, trunk & extremities

Course: 50% clear at the age 2y

25
Q

Childhood AD?

A

Age: 2- 10 years

C/P: Dry skin.
Flexoral exacerbation sparing of groin & axillae)

Clinical Types:
Pityriasis alba.
Perioral & Periorbital eczema
Besnier prurigo
Prurigo of Hebra
-Discoid eczema
- Hand eczema.
- Juvenile planter dermatosis
- Mixture of the above

26
Q

Adulthood atopic dermatitis?

A

Clinical picture :
- Flexural lichenification
- Chronic lichenified eczema
- Hand Eczema .
- Discoid eczema.
- Nipple Eczema .
- Pruritus ani , Pruritus scroti & Pruritus vulvae.
- Pompholyx

27
Q

Etiology Pompholyx?

A

Atopy(AD).
- Emotional stress.
- Hyperhidrosis
- Contact Dermatitis.
- Severe tinea pedis
- Septic focus.

28
Q

C/P Pompholyx?

A

crops of severely Itchy, deeply seated vesicles on palms &soles.
Remission within 2 wks +- recur

29
Q

Ttt Pompholyx?

A

Topical:
* Drying lotion.
* Topical steroid.
2- Systemic:- Antibiotic. * short course steroid
+ Recur in severe cases

30
Q

Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis?

A

1- Pruritus
2- Personal or family history of atopy
3- Chronic or relapsing nature
4- Typical morphology & distribution
5-Facial & extensor involvement in infants
6-Flexural lichenification in children & adults

31
Q

Treatment of atopic dermatitis?

A

1- General measures: Avoid exposure to irritants. ‘Emollients.
2- Topical therapy Pimicrolimus ‘Zinc oxid cr Topical steroid
3- Systemic therapy Systemic AHS. stemic ABics Oral CS.

32
Q

Common side effects of topical corticosteroids?

A

Skin atrophy
Striae (groin and axillae)
Slowed healing
Telangiectasia
Purpura
Rosacea
Acne
Perioral dermatitis
Hypertrichosis

Dermatology (6 decks)

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