W2L1 - Cognitive Development Living Science

Question 1

How do we conceptualize cognitive development

Answer 1

1. Thinking
2. Reasoning
3. Problem-Solving

Question 2

What are the roots of cognitive development

Answer 2

1. Biological/Neurological
2. Social/Cultural
3. General/Specific (e.g. IQ)

Question 3

History of Cognitive Development. Plato and Aristotle

Answer 3

Plato

• Emphasised self-control.
• Children are born with innate knowledge

Aristotle

• Children is a blackboard with nothing written on it

Question 4

John Locke, Darwin, Rosseau, Binet

Answer 4

John Locke

• Mind is blank state.
• Nuture

Darwin

• Innate
• Modularity: Domain-specificity

Rosseau

• Every child go through stages

Binet

• Can measure the capabilites of individuals
• Learning

Question 5

What are the 4 views of cognitive development

Answer 5

1. Stages of Development
2. Information Processing
3. Culture & Thought
4. Specific Knowledge: Modularity

Question 6

Plagetian Theory: What are the 4 stages of development. What was the emphasis

Answer 6

1. Sensorimotor (0-2)
2. Pre-operational (2-5)
3. Concrete operational (6-12)
4. Formal operational (>12)

Operational Thought: Abilitiy to operate and manipulate thought.

Question 7

Plagetian Theory: 2 key ideas

Answer 7

• Qualitative changes in children’s thoughts
• Invariant sequence in patterns of thoughts
  
  • Cannot skip stages
  • All infants invariably pass through 4 qualitative stages

Question 8

Preoperational: Brief

Answer 8

Child develop mental representations (and operational thought) But they can’t manipulate them.

Question 9

Concrete Operational: Brief

Answer 9

Able to mentally manipulate internal representations formed in the preoperational period (i.e. play with ideas)

Question 10

Information Processing Account: 3 Key ideas Focus

Answer 10

1. Factors that support thinking
2. Memory, attention, language development, etc
3. Quantitative changes with age
   
   • Capacity limitation
   • As thinking system develops, system capacity grows, can do more things

Question 11

Culture and Thought Account (Vygotsky)

What did he emphasize was important

Answer 11

• Importance of socio-cultural, linguistic bases of intellectual development
  
  • Role of socialization of child’s intellectual development (peers, parentes.) via language

Question 12

Vgotsky’s Theory of Cognitive Development: What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). What does it emphasise

Answer 12

Zone of Proximal Development = Zone of Potential Development

• Relationship between self and other
• Emphasizes importance of
  
  • Cultural practice
  • Language
  • Cognition

Question 13

Vgotsky’s Theory of Cognitive Development: What is the role of the more competent (adult/child)

Answer 13

Organise task > Provide social meaning

Question 14

Vgotsky’s Theory of Cognitive Development: What is the role of the less competent (child/novice adult)

Answer 14

Benefits through proximity of task > internalize task and makes own meaning