w10 - Clinical Psychology #1 Flashcards
What is the key aim of EBP ?
To know that what we do as psychologists actually works to achieve the desired outcome for our patient
How do you define the current best evidence ?
Current scientific knowlege regarding the outcomes of a given psychological intervention, based on the current best practice scientific methods of inquiry
The intergration of…
What are the three key components of EBP ?
the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values and circumstances
What does EST stand for, what are they ?
Emprically supported treatments.
- Treatments whose efficacy is supported by research findings
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What are clinical expertise required for ?
To make a judgment regarding whether specific evidence applies to the individual patient
- how to intergrate info to make clinical decision
When assesing treatment options / settings. What needs to be considered?
Risk or risk ax
5 A’s of applying evidence
- Ask the question
- Acquire the evidence
- Appraise the evidence
- Apply the results
- Asses the outcomes
What of the patient needs to be considered ?
Values, preferences, and characteristics
Empirically supported treatments (EST) informs which leg of EBP ?
Best research treatment
other legs: clinical expertise and patient values and circumstances
Expertise
What is a limitation of more clinical experience using ESTs
Ones ‘experience’ is a collection of anecdotes which can lead to cognitive biases
This may result in an over delivering of a particular EST. Weakening: *patient needs and values *
More experience can increase risk of over-confidence. What can this result in ?
Therapist drift
- Miss EST’s key components
- Ignore limitations
- Over use personally liked therapies
How do psychologists avoid therapists drift?
- Continue to self-reflect on practice
- Stay up-to-date with professional development
RCT study design facilitates gather evidence regarding the …
effectiveness of an intervention
What does intention to treat (ITT) analysis mean ?
Not just ignoring people that dropped out. Considering the people that dropped out.
All RCT must have a …
Consort diagram
What does a systematic review provide?
The collating and summerised findings relating to a specfic topic or questions. Done in a systematic way
What does every systematic review have to include ?
A PRISMA flow diagram
What is an addition to a systematic review that makes it stronger?
A meta-analysis i.e a statistical analysis of the findings identified in a systematic review
top of the evidence hierarchy
What are reporting standards?
Established guidelines that indicate which informations should be included in research publications
What does reporting standards allow for?
- Ensures communication of what was / was not done
- Increased transparency facilitates critical appraisal of research quality
- Filtered information beyond merely being published
List three reasons why we should use EBP ?
- Responsibility of psy’ to give best tx possible
- To not deprive lient of more efficacious tx
- To not misuse client’s resources
What is Critical Incident Stress Debriefing ?
Providing everyone who has experienced a trumatic event with one hour to debreif. Said to reduce chance of developing PTSD
- RCT = not effective
- Blanket debreifing not effective
This is a harmful practice
What is publication bias?
Journals more likely to publish sig. or flashy findings
- career progression
What is the replication crisis ?
Many significant findings non-replicable
