VXLAN Flashcards
What are the reasons for VXLAN implementation?
1) 16 million available vlans (vni)
2) Scalability
3) IP mobility
4) Extension of layer 2 over layer 3
What kind of protocol is VXLAN?
A tunneling protocol that encapsulates Layer 2 Ethernet frames in Layer 4 UDP packets, enabling you to create virtualized Layer 2 subnets that span physical Layer 3 networks.
What performs the encapsulation and decapsulation of the VXLAN headers (packets)?
VTEP
What is a multi-tenancy?
This is a business entity, user group, applications or security operate in a shared environment, while ensuring logical segmentation between the instances.
What is a tenant?
A single tenant provides each customer with a distinct software instance running on infrastructure that is not shared with other users.
What is the main goal of VXLAN?
It provides a discrete, private network segment within a shared physical network
What protocol does VXLAN use?
UDP/4789 transport
What is the minimum MTU for VXLAN use?
1554
What MTU is used for jumbo frames in VXLAN?
9214
What is a VNI?
Virtual Network Identifier
This is akin to a vlan and is carried in the vxlan header, but has 24 bit value.
It tells the VTEP which VPN (L2 or L3) to lookup and forward decapsulated packets out of.
What is BUM traffic?
Broadcast, unknown unicast, multicast traffic
What are two ways to distribute BUM traffic?
1) Head-end replication
2) IP multicast
What is a VTEP?
VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint
They can be independent network device, such as a physical router or switch, or a virtual switch deployed on a server. Think of it as one end of a VPN tunnel.
In order to route VXLAN traffic from one VTEP two another VTEP, what is used?
EVPN
What are the 5 things in a VXLAN header?
1) Outer mac address header
2) Outer ip address header
3) Outer UDP header
4) VNI
5) Original L2 frame
