VSDs Flashcards
VSDs can go undetected?
True
Shunting goes ____ to ____ in VSDs.
left, right
With large VSDs, there is an overload of volume to the ____ heart.
Right
Most common type of VSD is the ____ ____.
membranous VSD
The ____ ____ is the last part of the IVS to form.
membranous septum
Three types of membranous VSDs are:
- Normal / LV to RV
- Supracristal / LVOT to RVOT
- Gerbode / LVOT to RA
Surgical correction:
usually none, unless it is large (then it will require surgery)
What is NOT used in correcting Membranous VSDs?
Septal Occluders
What is a risk of NOT correcting a VSD?
infection
The second most common VSD is the ____ ____.
Muscular VSD
Muscular VSDs are usually located where?
mid ventricular septum to apex
How is a muscular VSD usually identified?
by sound
What type of sound does a muscular VSD mimic?
Aortic Stenosis
dealing with high pressures on the left side at systole
Rupture of mid-muscular and apical VSDs are usually caused by _____.
infarct
Post-Infarct VSD rupture is considered what type of event?
acute
The Common Ventricle VSD is extremely ____.
rare
_____ blood and ____ blood combine in a Common Ventricle VSD. This causes the O2 SATs to be extremely ____.
Venous, Arterial, Low
Characteristics of the ventricle in the Common Ventricle VSD:
- pressure is in-between the normal RV and LV pressures
- ventricle is hypertrophied
- Tricuspid regurge
Patient presentation with a Common Ventricle VSD is:
cyanotic due to low tissue perfusion
Surgical correction for Common Ventricle VSD:
Artificial Patch (do not use pericardium)
Shunting in the Supracristal VSD:
LVOT to RVOT
Supracristal VSDs are located just underneath the _____ and ____.
Pulmonic Valve, Aortic Valve
Supracristal VSD is a ____ membranous VSD.
High
Gerbode VSD shunting:
LVOT to RA
The jet in the Gerbode VSD goes from ____ ____ to the ____ ____.
Membranous LVOT, Right Atrium
Sound for VSD is a harsh ____ murmur heard best over the ____ ____ ____.
systolic, lower sternal border
intensity of a VSD murmur is directly related to the ____ of the VSD
size
Murmurs which are secondary to the VSD:
- MR
- TR
- PS
VSDs can mimic the sounds of ____ ____.
aortic stenosis
Arrhythmias secondary to VSDs
- PVCs
- PACs
- Signs of RVH on EKG
- Increased heart rate
X-Ray indications for VSD:
- Pulmonary congestion
- CHF/Pulmonary Infiltrates
- Increased Cardiac Silhouette
Signs and Symptoms of children with VSDs:
- Low O2 SAT / Cyanosis
- Vomiting (due to appetite suppression ad GI irritation)
- Failure to thrive
If a VSD is too high in the membranous septum, a ____ ____ cannot be used because it could obstruct the ____.
septal occluder, LVOT
The membranous portion of the Ventricular Septum is the ____ to close.
last
