vroom_expectancy_theory_flashcards
What is the core idea behind Victor Vroom’s Expectancy Theory of Motivation?
The core idea is that an individual’s motivation is determined by their expectation that a certain level of effort will lead to a particular level of performance and the perceived value of the outcomes associated with that performance.
What are the three key components of Vroom’s Expectancy Theory?
The three key components are Expectancy, which is the belief that one’s effort will lead to desired performance; Instrumentality, the belief that performance will lead to a reward; and Valence, the value individuals attach to the outcome of their performance.
How does Expectancy influence motivation according to Vroom’s theory?
Expectancy influences motivation through the individual’s belief that their effort will lead to the desired level of performance. Higher expectancy increases motivation as individuals believe that their effort will indeed lead to good performance.
What does Instrumentality refer to in Vroom’s Expectancy Theory?
Instrumentality refers to the belief that if one achieves the expected performance level, they will receive a certain outcome or reward. It’s the perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome.
Define Valence in the context of Vroom’s Expectancy Theory.
Valence is the significance associated by an individual to the expected outcome. It is the subjective value people attach to the reward or outcome, which can vary from person to person.
How does Vroom’s Expectancy Theory explain the motivation for different outcomes?
The theory explains that motivation for different outcomes is influenced by the individual’s expectations (Expectancy), the perceived relationship between performance and outcomes (Instrumentality), and the value of the outcomes (Valence).
In Vroom’s theory, what might reduce an individual’s motivation according to the expectancy component?
An individual’s motivation might be reduced if they believe that no matter how much effort they put in, the desired level of performance is unattainable, leading to low expectancy.
What role does perceived fairness play in the Instrumentality component of Vroom’s Expectancy Theory?
Perceived fairness is crucial for high instrumentality; if individuals believe that the reward system is not fair or that the link between performance and rewards is unclear, their motivation will decrease.
