Vowel Acoustics Flashcards
where does our vocal tract close on the one side
larynx
what makes a standing wave a standing wave
it is a wave that will sustain
what is a resonating chamber
a tube or our throat
what allows waves to “stand” in a resonating chamber
the wave must abide to the boundry condition
what are the rules of a boundary condition
- if a tube allows a node at a certain end, a sustained wave must have a node of that end
- if a tube allows a antinode at a certain end a sustained wave must have a antinode.
- other waves will simple die
pros and cons of a singel tube model
- is the easiest way to wrap your mind about sources and filters
- only acceptable for modeling schwa-like productions because there is no constrictions
the first resonant frequency is the lowest or highest?
Lowest
what type of vowel uses a Helmholtz resonator?
some vowels, especially high ones.
what is a Helmholtz resonator?
the constriction tube and back tube together created a specail chamber, this type of chamber is termed as a Helmholtz resonator.
what is a harmonic?
- all waves created by the “source” e.g. vibrating vocal folds.
- lowest frequency F0 or H1
- H2 = 2 x H1
what is a formant?
- all standing waves in the “filter” e.g. vocal tract/tube
- lowest standing wave is F1
- F1 x 3 = F2. ////. F1 x 5 = F3
what does F1 and F2 represent?
F1 indicates tongue height; F2 indicates tongue backness.
What is the relationship between F1 and F2?
- a higher tongue position doesn’t directly lower the F1, we saw that the low F1 is actually the magic of Helmholtz resonator.
- or a lower tongue position doesn’t directly raise the F1.
What kind of vowels use Helmholtz resonator and what kind use two tubes.
HH= high vowels
2tube= low vowels
what is perturbation theory?
it is another way of understanding the acoustic consequences of events in the vocal tract
