Voluntary Motion Cortex Karius Flashcards
/what areas are involved in producing voluntary motion
- Primary motor cortex
- SUpplementary cortex
- Pre motor cortex
How does the pre motor cortex help produce voluntary movement?
- Receives sensory info needed to move
- Dorsal area decides if it is appropriate to move
- Id’s intent of motion and decides what movment to produce
/Suppplementary Motor Cortex role in movment?
- SUpplementary motor area (SMA): postural control
- Pre-supplementary area (Pre SMA): plans motor program required to make the action happen
What does the SMA do?
- Organizes motor sequences
- Acquires motor skills
- Executive control to switch actions/strategies
What is the role of the primary motor cortex, where is it located?
- Located in precentral gyrus
- It controls specific movements especially related to arms and hands to hte face
- Has the homonculus regions of body theat do fine motions such as hands have high representation
- Arranged in columns
What layer receives sensory input for the primary motor cotex, and where does it go?
- Layer 4 gets the input from mm’s joints proprioceptors
- Layer 5 is the output for corticospinal (pyramidal) path
Within the primary motor cortex there are two sets of neurons in each column. What are their actions?
- One to start the motion
- ONe to maintain motion as long as its needed
In the primary motor cortex what is significant about neighborinbg columns? (what do they control)
- Control related motions not the neighboring muscles
What are the two kinds of columns found in the primary motor cotex?
- On/off for agonist muscle
- Off/on for Antagonist muscle so it can stretch with the motion of the agonist
How does the dorsal visual pathway relate to voluntary motion?
- It is critical for us to generate motor action based on visual input, it allows us to reach for and grasp objects
Ventral path is involved with identifying objects and naming things while the dorsal pathway is involved with “where is the object and what can I do with it”
Where does information go from the visual cortex for voluntary motion?
- Relayed to parietal cortex specifically V6A
- The PEc the caudal area PE of the posterior parietal cortex
- The MIP medial intraparietal area
-
VIP
- VIP creates a rough map to the object
- From the VIP the info goes to F4 within the premotor cortex to create a detailed map of hte space around you and the neurons are very excited when in proximity
- There is also a seond pathway occuring to relaying where your arms are
What areas are involved in voluntary grasping? What are the three types of neurons?
- Anteior intraparietal area and PFG, these ares fire in response to:
- Seeing an object to grasp (Visually dominant)
- Grasping the object (Motor dominant)
- Seeing and grasping the object (Visuomotor neurons)
Neurons in F5 fire with the ____ of the action not the ____.
- GOAL
- not the motor act itself
F5 would be activated with taking a sip of coffee but not with just grasping the coffee cup because the goal is to drink your coffee
Compare and Contrast reaching and grasping.
- Reaching and Grasping both require the dorsal visual pathway
- Reaching requires V6a PEc MIP VIP
- Grasping requires AIP cortex and PFG
- Reaching requires creation of two maps and grasping does not
- VIP makes rough map and F4 makes detailed
- Map of body in space is F2
- Reaching do not need to be aware of the goal but Grasping needs awareness of the goal via F5
- Primary motor cortex encodes the motor acts
What is the role of the cerebellum
- Sequence complex actions
- Correct force and direction of the motion
- balance and eye movements
- Learning complex actions
