Volume 1 - Chapter 28: Implementing IPv6 Addressing on Hosts Flashcards
What feature of NDP allows an IPv6 host to learn the MAC address of other hosts in the LAN?
Neighbor MAC Discovery.
What feature of NDP allows an IPv6 host to learn the MAC address of routers in the same subnet?
Router Discovery.
What feature of NDP allows an IPv6 host to learn the subnet prefix that routers expect to exist on the link?
Prefix Discovery.
Describe the function of DAD in regard to NDP.
Duplicate Address Detection is used to verify that no other host is using the same IP address before the host is assigned it.
Describe the function of the NDP NS message.
Functions similarly to an IPv4 ARP Request.
The IPv6 Neighbor Solicitation request is used to request the MAC address of a host on the same subnet.
Describe the function of the NDP NA message.
Functions similarly to an IPv4 ARP Reply.
The IPv6 Neighbor Advertisement is the response to the NS request containing the IPv6 address and MAC address
What multicast address is used for sending an unsolicited IPv6 neighbor advertisement?
FF02::1
What service can a technician use to prevent NDP neighbor solicitation messages from being flooded out to all hosts, and to only be sent to the intended host?
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD)
What is the multicast address used for hosts to discover routers using a router advertisement?
FF02::2
Describe the differences between how hosts calculate routes in IPv4 versus IPv6
IPv4 hosts calculate the subnet and range of address using their IP address and subnet mask
IPv6 hosts build their routing table using a prefix advertised to them using NDP.
When using IPv6, how does a host send information to its default gateway when trying to reach an exterior subnet?
The host will create a default route to its gateway using the routers LLA.
Describe the process of an IPv6 host using DAD.
Step 1) The host wants to use an IPv6 address, so it sends a NS request with the destination IP as the one it wants to use
Step 2) If a host already that IP, it responds back with a NA containing its IP and MAC
Step 3) The original host receives the NA response and determines it cannot use that IP
Describe how stateful DHCPv4 and stateful DHCPv6 differ
With stateful DHCPv4 the DHCP server provides the IP address, subnet mask, gateway, and DNS servers.
With stateful DHCPv6 the server only provides the unicast address and DNS servers. The host will use NDP requests for the prefix length and default router
What process does IPv6 use for DHCP?
SARR
Solicit, Advertise, Request, and Reply
What destination address is used for “all DHCP agents”?
The link-local scope multicast address FF02::1:2
What is the command to set the DHCP relay address for an interface?
ipv6 dhcp relay destination address
Describe how a host uses SLAAC to generate an IP address.
Step 1) The host uses NDP Router Solicitation/Advertisement messages to learn the prefix
Step 2) Make up the IID randomly or using EUI-64
Step 3) Use DAD to ensure the address isn’t in use
Describe how a host gets its necessary IP configuration when utilizing stateless DHCP with SLAAC.
The host creates the IID
The host uses NDP messages to get the prefix, prefix length, and gateway
The stateless DHCP server provides the DNS servers
Describe the differences between a stateful and stateless DHCP server.
The stateful DHCP server provides all IP addressing information to the host and actively tracks what host has an address.
The stateless DHCP server only provides the DNS server and does not provide or track any other information.
Describe the purpose of RDNSS.
RA-based DNS Servers are used for hosts to dynamically learn DNS servers without the use of a stateless/stateful DHCP server.
The router’s interfaces are configured with DNS server addresses which are advertised via Router Advertisement (RA) messages.
An IPv6 address that is configuring using SLAAC, but has a fixed time before it is changed is referred to as a?
Temporary SLAAC Address
An IPv6 address that is configuring using SLAAC, but does not have an expiry is referred to as?
Permanent SLAAC Address
Describe the stages of a SLAAC IPv6 temporary address
Preferred: The address is valid and can be used to established connections
Valid: No new connections can be established using this address, but existing connections can be completed
Deprecated: Address is not used at all
What command can be used in Windows to display the current IPv6 addresses?
netsh interface ipv6 show address
What command can be used in Linux to display the current IPv6 addresses?
show -6 address
What command can be used in MacOS to display the current IPv6 addresses?
ifconfig -aL inet6
What commands are used in Linux to perform IPv6 pings and traceroutes?
ping6 & traceroute6
What is the command to clear all existing NDP neighbor entries from a router?
clear ipv6 neighbor
