Volcanoes, pg. 34 - 37

Question 1

What are the different forms that magma can appear in when it comes out of a volcano?

Answer 1

Molten lava, volcanic bombs, fragments of rock, ash and dust

Question 2

Define lava

Answer 2

Molten rock(magma) that flows from the crater of an active volcano

Question 3

Define volcanic bombs

Answer 3

Large rock fragments thrown out by an erupting volcano

Question 4

Define ash and dust

Answer 4

Fine materials thrown out by a volcano when it erupts

Question 5

Name and describe the 3 states of a volcano

Answer 5

Active - Has erupted recently and is expected to erupt again
Dormant - Has erupted in the last 2 000 years but not recently
Extinct - Not expected to ever erupt again (2000+ yrs)

Question 6

Define crater

Answer 6

A funnel-shaped hollow at the top of a volcanic cone

Question 7

Define magma chamber

Answer 7

A store of molten rock deep inside the earth

Question 8

Describe the 3 forms a volcano can form in

Answer 8

Ash volcano - steep-sided and large crater
Thick lava volcano - Thick, slow-flowing lava that hardens quickly forms steep-sided volcanoes
Thin lava volcano - Runny, faster-flowing lava moves easily and spreads over a large area = gently sloping sides

Question 9

Define viscosity

Answer 9

Thickness/thinness of lava; the thicker the lava is, the slower it will move, it will harden faster and it will spread over a small area; the thinner the lava is, the faster it will move, it will harden slower and it will spread over a large area

Question 10

Define natural hazard

Answer 10

A force of nature that is a danger to people’s lives and their property

Question 11

Why do volcanic areas have a lot of people living in them?

Answer 11

Fertile soil
Tourism
Geothermal energy
Rich in minerals