volcanoes case studies Flashcards
what is the nevado del ruiz
it is a broad glacier covered volcano in central Colombia, located 80 miles west of Bogota
how much area does the nevado del ruiz cover
over 200km
what type of volcano is the nevado del ruiz
a stratovolcano, meaning it has steep sides
what was the Armero tradgedy
after 69 years of dormancy the nevado del ruiz erupted, it was considered Colombias worst natural hazard induced disaster. it created the deadliest lahar ever recorded which went down steep slopes at 60km per hour. the summit is covered in large glaciers which melted during the eruption
when did the armero tragedy occur
13th november 1985
what made the armero tragedy so important
despite the many warnings which were given by geologists, authorities and the media the local populations in nearby towns were mostly unaware and evacuation orders were not carried out
how many people were affected in the armero tragedy and how many people died
over 200,000 affected, 24,000 dead and 10,000 homeless
how did this affect the colombian government
they lost 34.94 billion pesos
what was the damage from the nevado del ruiz
damaged:
-50 educational facilities
-2 hospitals
-over 4000 housing units
-as well as roads and infrastructure
what were the responses of the armero tragedy
presidential task force was put together, an organisation called Resurgir was established to coordinate the recovery program
what were the immediate responses of the armero tragedy
housing, food, employment, urban development and verification of identities was prioritised
what was Eyjafjallajokull 2010?
-volcano covered in thick ice, causes flooding
-it followed preliminary seismic activity and small fissure eruptions in march of 2010
-the eruption causes torrents of meltwater which washed away part of icelands main perimeter road
-no injuries recorded
-800 people had to evacuate their homes
-due to the thick deposits of ash it made farming impossible and contaminated the water sources with flouride
what was Mount Merapi 2010
-situated on the island of Java
-most active volcano in Indonesia
-in october 2010 after over 500 earthquakes were registered below the volcano everyone within a 20km radius were advised to leave
-20,000 people evacuated
-350 deaths occured
-350,000 people lost their homes
where is Montserrat
it is a british overseas territory and is located in the northern region of the lesser antilles (group of islands in the caribbean) most of these islands are part of an island arc which extends from the greater antilles to south america, most of the volcanos are stratovolcanoes
what are the lava domes in montserrat
throughout montserrats history, lava domes have been created as a result of vicious silica rich lava building up at the top of volcanoes, when the lava becomes too heavy the domes collapse causing andestic lava and pyroclastic flows
