volcanoes

Question 1

where can you find volcanoes

Answer 1

hot spots
mid ocean ridges
subductive zones

Question 2

what are the name of volcanoes that have not erupted in 100s of years

Answer 2

dormant

Question 3

what are extinct volcanoes

Answer 3

havent erupted in record history

Question 4

what are the products of volcanoes

Answer 4

lava
pyroclastic flow
posionous gas
ash
water vapour

Question 5

what characteristics does acidic lava have

Answer 5

high silica content
trapped gas
viscous
explosive 
violant

Question 6

what characteristics does basic lava have

Answer 6

low silica
few trapped gas
runny
gentle

Question 7

where is acidic lava found

Answer 7

subduction zoes

Question 8

where is basic lava found

Answer 8

hotspots

mid ocean ridges

Question 9

what types of volcanoes does acidic lava form

Answer 9

dome

Question 10

what type of volcaoes does basic lava form

Answer 10

shield volcano

Question 11

what are pyroclasts

Answer 11

hot ash lava and rocks thrown out of a volcano during eruption

Question 12

what can pyroclastic flow also be called

Answer 12

nuee ardentes

Question 13

what poisonous gases can be released

Answer 13

cardon dioxide ❤

Question 14

what does the height of the ash calculate

Answer 14

the volcanic explosivity index

Question 15

what is pumice

Answer 15

the trapped air in lava if it cools quickly

Question 16

why can volcanoes at sub ductive zones trigger heavy rainfall

Answer 16

water rises with the magma through the crater as vapour and then condenses

Question 17

what can the heavy rainfall trigger

Answer 17

lahars

Question 18

what is a lava plateu

Answer 18

• Steep-sided flat-topped uplands of Basalt that cover large areas.

Question 19

what are plateus formed by

Answer 19

narrow fissures in the crust

Question 20

what are strato volcanoes

Answer 20

volcanic cones made up of layers of ash, lava & dust.) Volcanic domes have steep-sided convex slopes that are unstable and can collapse. E.g. Mt St Helen’s

Question 21

what are plugs

Answer 21

( magma hardens inside the vent) The volcano erodes away but leaves the plug behind. E.g Le Puy, France.

Question 22

what are batholiths

Answer 22

large mass of granite formed by magma being pushed into the crust
heat from the magma metaamorphised the surrounding rock
erosion and weathering makes it visable

Question 23

what are sills

Answer 23

when mag,a pushes inbetween layers of rock and becomes visable by erosion

eg fair head

Question 24

what are dykes

Answer 24

basalt or granite running perpendicular to the rock layers

Question 25

what are laccoliths

Answer 25

• Formed when magma seeps between rock layers pushing them upwards and cools to form dome-like structures.
• If a laccolith occurs close to the surface, doming may occur. This results in dome mountains being created.

Question 26

what are loppoliths

Answer 26

• Form in a similar way to laccoliths except the weight of magma causes the rock layers to sag downwards.

Question 27

what are the positive effects of volcanoes

Answer 27

 New land created e.g. Iceland/ Hawaii.
 Geothermal Energy-NZ & Iceland-economic benefit.
 Fertile soil
 Minerals: sulfur rock in Malaysia ( used to make matches and fertiliser- sulfur mining is one of the world’s most dangerous jobs!)
 Tourism: e.g. Iceland Blue Lagoon, volcanoes etc. Pompeii in Italy and Yellowstone National Park in USA.

Question 28

what are the negative effects of volcanoes

Answer 28

 Lava flows: destroy land.
 Ash can disrupt air travel e.g. Iceland 2010
 Lahars: can destroy land and urban areas. E.g. Nevado del Ruiz lahar killed 22,000 people in the town of Armero, Columbia 1985
 Poisonous gases, lava and ash can all kill and injure people.

Question 29

what are the methods of predicting volcanoes

Answer 29

ground deformation
patterns
gas emissions