Volcanoes Flashcards
What are the four plate boundaries?
Conservative, Collision, Constructive, Destructive
What is a destructive plate boundary?
- Plates move towards each other
- Oceanic plate gets subducted and is forced under the continental plate
What is a constructive plate boundary?
- Plates move apart from each other
- Magma rises to fill the gap, creating new crust
What is a conservative plate boundary?
- Plates slide past each other
What is a collision plate boundaries?
- Two continental plates collide
What results from destructive plate boundaries?
- Earthquakes
- Volcanoes
- Fold mountains
What results from constructive plate boundaries?
- Shield volcanoes
- Small earthquakes
What results from conservative plate boundaries?
- Violent earthquakes
What results from collision plate boundaries?
- Strong earthquakes
- Fold mountains
What are hotspots?
Volcanoes form at hotspots, where a plume of hot mantle rises. A plate moves over the hotspot, creating a chain of volcanoes.
How do we measure volcanic eruptions?
Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)
What is the scale of the VEI?
0-8
What were the short term impacts of the Iceland volcanic eruption?
- Ash disrupted air travel across Europe
- 800 people were evacuated
- Local roads and farms were damaged by the ash
What were the long term impacts of the Iceland volcanic eruption?
- Loss of revenue from tourism and flight disruption
- £3 billion was lost
