Volcanoes Flashcards
What is a volcano?
“A volcano is an opening on the surface of a planet or moon that allows material warmer than its surroundings to escape from its interior.” (NASA, 2019).
What is a volcano’s anatomy? Inside to outside.
Magma chamber, main vent/conduct, throat, vent, crater, lava flow, ash cloud, and the layers of lava and the ash.
What’s a really famous volcanoe in Mexico?
The Paricutin.
What makes a volcano to erupt?
The tectonic plates.
What are the types of volcanoes?
Flood or plateu basalt, shield volcano, cinder cone, Stratovolcano, Volcanic dome, and Caldera.
What are the types of magmas?
Basaltic, Andesitic, and Rhyolitic.
What are the types of explosive levels? Lowest to highests.
Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, Surtseyan, Sub-plinian, phreatoplinian, ultraplinian and plinian.
What are the characteristics of basaltic magma?
Source material: upper mantle
Viscosity: Low
Explosiveness: Least.
Location of magma: Oceanic and continental crust.
What are the characteristics of andesitic magma?
Source material: oceanic crust and oceanic sediments.
Viscosity: intermediate
Explosiveness: Intermediate
Location of magma: continental margins associated with subduction zones.
What are characteristics of rhyolitic magma?
Source material: continental crust
Viscosity: High
Explosiveness: High
Location of magma: Continental crust.
What are the characteristics of plateu basalt volcano?
Very liquid lava
Flows very widespread
Emitted from fractures.
What are the characteristics of shield volcano?
Liquid lava emitted from a central vent.
Large volcano.
Sometimes has a collapse caldera.
What are the characteristics of cinde cone volcano?
Explosive liquid lava.
Small volcano
Emitted from a central vent.
It may build up into a shield volcano.
What are the characteristics of stratovolcano volcano?
Viscous lava.
Much more explosive debris.
Large volcano
Emitted from a central vent.
What are the characteristics of volcanic dome volcano?
Very vicous lava.
Relatively small
Can be explosive.
It occurs at adjacents craters of composite volcanos.
What are the characteristics of caldera volcano?
Very large composite volcano collapsed after an explosive period.
Frequently associated with pllug domes.
What are the benefits of volcanic eruptions?
The lava flows to create extremely fertile soil.
Creates new beautiful land.
Creates geothermal energy.
Understand past civilizations and cultures.
What are the disadvantajes of volcanic eruptions?
They can cause deaths.
Destroys everything in their path.
Puts out large amounts of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
SO2 is a cooling gas which can drop flobal temperatures after an eruption.
SO2 causes acid rain.
