volcanic hazards Flashcards
spatial distribution of volcanoes
pacific ring of fire
- japan, philippines and new zealand
hawaiian hot spot
great african rift valley
predicting volcanic disruptions
seismometers and graphs
lahars
mudflows causes by melting ice at high altitudes
glacial floods
temp high from magm, glaciers or ice melt and water is discharged
tephra
rock that is ejected by a volcano
toxic gases/acid rain
released during eruptions, sulfur dioxide develops acid rain
pyroclastic flows
clouds of hot ash and gas that collapses down a volcano at high speeds
impact of volcanic activity
- fissure eruptions of basic lava
- basic shield volcanoes
- acid dome volcanoes
- composite cones
impact - fissure eruptions of basic lava
creates extensive lava plateaus
- hollows are filled to create flat, featureless basalt plains
- represent the largest constributors to global climate change
impact - basic shield volcanoes
formed by relatively pure basalt that cools as it runs down from the summit crater
acid dome volcanoes
associate with viscious lava that solidifies before running too far down slope
- explosive eruptions of pyroclastic flows have a deadly impact
composite cones
formed from alternative eruptions of ash, tephra and lava which build up the volcano
eyjafjallajokul characterstics
covered by an ice cap
composite volcano
on a constructive plate margin moving apart
primary effects of eyjafjallajokul
homes and roads damaged
european airspace interrupted
10k evacuated
secondary effects of ejyafjallajokul
fresh food imports stopped
local water supplies contaminated
flooding from glacial melting
