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MOD 2 - Pharmacognosy > Volatile Oils > Flashcards

Volatile Oils Flashcards

1
Q

mentha piperita

A

peppermint oil (american)
counter irritant

monoterpene (alcohol)

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2
Q

mentha arvensis

A

japanese peppermint oil
counter irritant

monoterpene (alcohol)

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2
Q

coriandrum sativum

A

coriander oil/ fruto de cilantro
condiments

monoterpene (alcohol)

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3
Q

elettaira cardamom

A

cardamom oil
condiments

monoterpene (alcohol)

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3
Q

rose gallice

A

rose oil
perfume

monoterpene (alcohol)

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4
Q

citrus aurantium

A

orange flower/ neroli oil
perfume

monoterpene (alcohol)

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5
Q

juniperus communis

A

juniper oil
monoterpene (alcohol)

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6
Q

pinus palustris

A

pine oil
monoterpene (alcohol)

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7
Q

most unstable, readily oxidized

A

aldehyde monoterpene

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8
Q

cinnamomum loureirii

A

cinnamon oil
monoterpene (aldehyde)

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9
Q

citrus sinesis

A

orange oil
monoterpene (aldehyde)

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10
Q

cymbopogon winterianus

A

cintronella oil
monoterpene (aldehyde)

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11
Q

hamamelis virginiana

A

hamamelis water/ witch hazel
monoterpene (aldehyde)

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12
Q

citrus limon

A

lemon oil
monoterpene (aldehyde)

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13
Q

cymbopogon citrates

A

lemon grass
monoterpene (aldehyde)

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14
Q

most stable, resistant to oxidation

A

ketone monoterpenes

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15
Q

cinnamomum camphora

A

camphor
natural: dextro
synthetic: racemic

monoterpene (ketone)

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16
Q

mentha spicata

A

spearmint
carvone
monoterpene (ketone)

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17
Q

carum carvi

A

caraway
carvone & limonene

monoterpene (ketone)

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18
Q

barosma betulina

A

buchu
diosphenol

monoterpene (ketone)

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19
Q

artemisia absinthium

A

wormwood
thujone, camphene, phellandrene, b-caryophyllene

monoterpene (ketone)

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20
Q

thuja occidentalis

A

cedar leaf
(+) thujone
(-) fenchone

monoterpene (ketone)

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21
Q

eugenia caryophyllus

A

clove oil/ eugenol
toothache drops, dental analgesic

monoterpene (phenol)

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22
Q

thymus vulgaris

A

thyme oil

horsemint, oswego tea, ajowan oil
monoterpene (phenol)

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23
Q

fagus grandiflora

A

creosote oil
monoterpene (phenol)

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24
Q

juniperus oxycedrus

A

juniper tar
destructive distillation
local anti-eczema and psoriasis

monoterpene (phenol)

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25
Q

myristica fragrans

A

nutmeg/ myristica oil
hallucinogenic used by prisoners

monoterpene (phenol ether)

26
Q

pimpinella anisum

A

anise
flavor

monoterpene (phenol ether)

27
Q

foeniculum vulgare

A

fennel
flavor
monoterpene (phenol ether)

28
Q

illicium verum

A

chinese star anise
flavor, carminative
monoterpene (phenol ether)

29
Q

eucalyptus globulus

A

eucalyptus, cineole, eucalyptol, cajuputol

monoterpene (oxide)

30
Q

cajeput

A

cineol and terpineol acetate
monoterpene (oxide)

31
Q

melaleuca alternifolia

A

cineol and terpin 4-ol
monoterpene (oxide)

32
Q

gualtheria procumbens

A

wintergreen, gualtheria, teaberry, checkerberry
methylsalicylate (betula lenta)

monoterpene (ester)

33
Q

lavandula angustifolia

A

lavender oil
perfume

monoterpene (ester)

34
Q

pinus mugo

A

pine needle oil
monoterpene (ester)

35
Q

brassica nigra

A

mustard oil
rubefacient
monoterpene (ester)

36
Q

turpentine oil

A

monoterpene (hydrocarbon)

37
Q

rectified turpentine oil

A

distillation in NaOH
monoterpene (hydrocarbon)

38
Q

terpin hydrate or terpinol

A

HNO3 in alcohol
monoterpene (hydrocarbon)

39
Q

ginseng of europe

A

chamomile
sesquiterpenes

40
Q

valeriana officinalis

A

valeriana
sesquiterpenes

41
Q

tanacetum parthenium

A

feverfew
sesquiterpenes

42
Q

quing hao su

A

artemisinin
antimalarial
sesquiterpenes

43
Q

taxus bevifolia

A

taxol/ paclitaxel
pacific yew
(-) microtubules synthesis

diterpenes

44
Q

gingko biloba

A

gingko
memory enhancer, aphrodisiac

45
Q

follicles of male musk deer

A

musk

46
Q

glandular secretion of civet cats

A

civet
paradoxurus hemaphroditus

47
Q

stomach of spermwhale when squid/cattlefish is ingested

A

ambergis

48
Q

Perfume note: lemon oil

A

top note
leave skin readily, most volatile

49
Q

Perfume note: lavender oil

A

top note
leave skin readily, most volatile

50
Q

Perfume note: anise oil

A

top note
leave skin readily, most volatile

51
Q

Perfume note: thyme oil

A

middle note
intermediate tenacity and volativity

52
Q

Perfume note: rose oil

A

middle note
intermediate tenacity and volativity

53
Q

Perfume note: ambergris

A

base note
low volatility, high tenacity
fixatives

54
Q

Perfume note: musk

A

base note
low volatility, high tenacity
fixatives

55
Q

Perfume note: civet

A

base note
low volatility, high tenacity
fixatives

56
Q

Occurence: glandular hairs

A

lamiaceae/ mint

57
Q

Occurence: modified parenchymal cells

A

piperaceae

58
Q

Occurence: oil tubes vitae

A

apiaceae/ ambilifireae

59
Q

Occurence: lyzigenous or schizogenous passages

A

pinaceae, rutaceae

60
Q

Distillation: Water

A

turpentine oil
dried sample, no boiling

61
Q

Distillation: water and steam

A

cinnamon and clove oils
dried/fresh, boiling

62
Q

Distillation: direct steam

A

spearmint and peppermint
fresh, no boiling

63
Q

Distillation: destructive

A

empyreumatic oil
burn/smoke like odor

64
Q

Expression: mechanical process

A

eucelle
citrus fruits, spikes

65
Q

Expression: most expensive

A

enfleurage
fresh petals, pomade

MOD 2 - Pharmacognosy (6 decks)

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