Volatile Oils Flashcards
Major pharmacological action common to all VOs
Antimicrobial
Major subclasses of molecules in VO
Terpenoids
Phenylpropanoids
2 elements VO mostly made from
Carbon and Hydrogen
Solvents best used to dissolve/extract VO without steam
Petroleum, acetone, hexane
Plant families best known for tendency to produce EOs
Laminaceae, Apiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae
Major constituent of Melaleuca alternifolia EO and the molecular composition
terpinen-4-ol, an alcohol
Common names of toxic phytochemicals found in EOs and their toxicity
Beta-thujone - hallucinations, neurotoxicity
Safrole - vomiting, stupor, collapse
Beta-aserone - nausea, vomiting, contact dermatitis
Sabinyl-acetate - hepatotoxic
Side effects of herbs in Laminaceae family
Mentha x piperita - heartburn, digestive symptoms due to reduction of LOS tone; topical dermatitis
Rosmarinus officinalis - GIT irritation, seizures due to high camphor content; topical dermatitis, asthma
Melissa officinalis - none known
Lavendula angustifolia - abdominal pain, colic, griping
Dominant constituents of Lavendula angustifolia EO
linayl acetate, linalool, beta-ocimene, terpinen-4-ol
Parts of EO plants used
Zingiber officinale - rhizome
Cinnamomum verum - bark
Mentha x piperita - leaves
Rosmarinus officinalis - leaf
Melissa officinalis - leaf, aerial parts
Matricaria recutita - flower heads
Lavendula angustifolia - flower
Pimpinella anisum - seeds
EO herbs that cause adverse reactions
Coriander, Chamomile, Ginger, Hops, Lemongrass, Lemon balm, Peruvian balsam, Tea tree, Thyme, Turmeric, Valerian, Yarrow
Lamiaceae herb with activity against herpes simplex type 1
Thymus vulgaris
