Vol 3 Unit 4 Flashcards
How can you determine the lighting effects on your subject when using studio flash units?
By using modeling lights within the flash units.
What quality of light does an umbrella reflector produce?
A very soft diffused light that approximates outdoor lighting on an overcast day.
What is the brightest reflective surface used in an umbrella reflector?
Silver.
What color umbrella reflector produces the softest lighting?
White.
Define a lighting ratio.
The difference between the main light plus the fill light as compared to the fill light alone.
What lighting ratio would you use to create a pleasing contrast?
Normally 3:1, which is a stop and a half.
What is the single most important principle in achieving the correct portraiture lighting?
Using one dominant light.
How do you position the fill light?
Normally, close to the camera-subject axis, at the lens height, on the side of the camera opposite the main light.
How does the portrait photographer initially establish rapport with the subject?
Upon arrival greet the subject at the work order desk and behave professionally.
What is the only “real secret” of portrait psychology?
Establishing a warm, human contact with the person in front of your camera.
On which side of the subject would you place the main light when using short lighting?
Side of the face turned farthest away from the camera.
Explain the lighting technique you would use to photograph a masculine subject to correct for a round face.
Using short lighting to give the effect of narrowing a round face.
How do you position the fill light when using butterfly lighting,?
Close to the main light at lens height.
How does slight light or subject movement affect the lighting on your subject?
Highlights and shadows are greatly affected.
Describe three ways you can eliminate reflections from eyeglasses.
(1) Have the subject take off their glasses.
(2) Use glassless frames.
(3) Raise the main and fill lights until the reflections go away.
Name the three basic categories of formal portraits you may be taking.
(1) Personality features.
(2) Key personnel and chain of command.
(3) Awards programs
Why should a photojournalist be “people oriented” when it comes to informal portraits?
They must understand the background of the person pictured, be able to establish rapport and connect the
person photographed with the environment in which they function.
What is the primary purpose of an identification photograph?
To produce a picture that identifies subjects.
What are the requirements of a good identification photograph?
Portray all good and bad features so one individual is differentiated from another.
What is the maximum head size of a passport photograph?
2 x 2 inches with the head size between 1 and 1⅜ inch.
What type of lighting do you use for special duty assignment photographs?
Flat lighting.
What are the requirements for background illumination of a full-length photograph?
Use two background lights and illuminate just enough to show separation between the subject and
background while eliminating the shadows cast by the main and fill lights.
What are the light requirements for the front and back row of a group?
Must be aware of shadows cast on the subjects and be sure to illuminate from head to toe.
Why are most emergency room photographs taken and how are they used?
The patients are involved in physical and/or sexual assaults and they are used to prosecute or defend a patient.
Why is it so important to be aware of your surroundings when photographing an operation?
To know where you can go and what you can touch because doctors and their staff must be kept sterile.
What are the three most common requests for studio medical photographs?
Abdominal, breast, and face.
Name the format, lighting ratio and background used for abdominal series photographs.
Horizontal format, 1:1 lighting ratio, and white background.
How does the patient stand and how are the images framed for breast series photographs?
With hands behind the back in front of a white background wearing no jewelry. The images are framed to
include the area from the base of the neck to the lower rib cage.
Why must you carefully review the types of shots requested in the work order for the facial series photographs?
The physician uses the images as a reference before, during, and after surgery and to determine how the surgery is progressing.
What is a ME number?
A six-digit number that records the date an autopsy was performed and the first two numbers are for the year with the last four being reset every 1 January to 0001.
Why do you use one compact flash card to record the intake and autopsy photos of a single
subject and a different card for other subjects?
To prevent mixing up the images of different autopsies and ensure the subjects are correctly identified.
How do you photograph an autopsy subject’s identifying marks, such as scars or tattoos?
With a 60mm or 105mm lens that includes shooting establishing shots and close-ups of each detail.
Describe the methods you use to photograph an overall head shot during an autopsy.
Cut a hole in the center of a blue sheet and drape this around the head. Then have someone hold the ruler with the ME number at the top of the head and use a 60mm lens to shoot a medium, then a close-up shot. For the close-up, fill most of the frame with the head, but do not crop out the ruler.
What do you do if you realize you have shot an autopsy image with the wrong ruler number, but have not yet moved on to the next image?
Shoot a blue card saying, “previous picture shot with wrong ME # on the ruler”, then re-shoot the image correctly.
What is the standard digital image size for autopsy photos?
10” x 6” at 300 dpi.
