Voice Analysis continued Flashcards
Spectogram: a visual representation of the ?
speech acoustic signal
Spectogram: using wider? creates a ? whereas a narrow-band spectogram is created using?
wide-band spectogram: ideal for studying the ?
windows/ wide band spectorgram/ shorter window size
formant structure or consonant vowel boundaries
Narrow band spectogram: excellent way to inspect ?
vocal acoustic signal in patients with voice disorders
Spectograms - Harmonic
a frequency that is ?
and integral multiple of the fundamental frequency
type 1
type 2
type 3
Fundamental frequency of voice: one of the most ?
care must be taken not to include measures from ?
basic measures made from acoustic signal
Type 2 and type 3 segments when reporting fundamental frequency
Intensity:
vocal intensity reflects the ? and is related largely to a patient’s ability to ?
acoustic power in the voice. generate and maintain adequate subglottal pressure
Intensity: important to remember that vocal intensity measures reported by most acoustic analysis software are made in ?
decibels relative to some internal standard value
Voice range profile: a method to gather ?
-also known as
comprehensive data about the entire range of fundamental frequencies and intensities that a person can produce
phonetogram
A person with a healthy voice usually shows a ?
patients with voice disorders may have an ? and or ? that they can produce
elliptical shape VPR
overall reduction in range or fundamental frequency or intensity
Short -term perturbation:
measures of short-term perturbation reflect the ?
cycle to cycle variability in speech acoustic signal
Relative noise level: the level of noise relative to ?
the relative level of noise ?
level of harmonics or periodic signal generated by VF vibration
increases as VF vibration becomes irregular or if the VF fail to completely close the glottis
Spectral measures: a spectrum shows how ?
these measures may be obtained either from a ?
-short term spectrum: computed by analzying a ? typically ? in duration
long-term average spectrum : computed by averaging ? ranging from a ? to a ?
energy is distributed across various freq. in signal
short-term spectrum or long-term averaged spectrum
small part of vocal acoustic signal/ 30-50ms
energies in much longer utterances/ few seconds to a few minutes of speech
Vowel spectrum: recent research has shown that certain changes in vowel spectrum are related to ?
specific aspects of VF closure
Larger H1-A1 values reflect ?
perceptually these measured have been associated with presence of ?
lack of glottal closure
breathy voice
LTAS is typically obtained from ?
the resulting spectrum can be used to study
LTAS is best treated as approach to
reading or convo speech sample
distribution of energy across freq.
describe and study speech acoustic signal
Auditory based measures of voice quality:
perception of vocal quality is believed to be ? involving multiple ?
highly complex
acoustic cues that often have non-linear relationship with percept they elicit
perceptual rating scales:
perception: may be described as the ?
psychological representation of a physical stimulus
Perceptual rating scales:
ordinal scale - where ?
visual analog scale: a tool where a lines is used with ? and ratings can be
number assigned to attributes
1=normal
2=mild etc
two defined end points / placed on line to define magnitude of a sensation
The GRBAS scale uses a ?
4 point rating system 0 = normal 2= mildly deviant 3=moderately deviant 4= extremely deviant
G= ?
r=? judgment of how ? should rlate to ?
b= ? judgment of how much?
should relate to ?
a = ? a judgment of how ? should relate to ?
s= ? judgment of how ?
judgment of how rough voice sounds
roughness / irregular and noisy voice sounds/ higher minimum airflow during glottal cycle
breathiness/ how much additional airflow is perceived / higher minimum airflow during glottal cycle
aesthenia: weak the voice sounds/ sound pressure level of voice
strain/ compressed or hyperfunctional voice sounds
CAPE-V:
consensus on auditory perceptual evaluation of voice
Voice Handicap Scales and quality of life scales:
tool that defines impacts on ? to also help the clinician understand the ?
patient and or family and needs/ broader influence of disorder beyond immediate impairment
Voice hANDICAP index: measure how a voice problem ? includes a - - -
how many items
in 2007 adaptation of VHI occured for use with ?
influences patients QOL
- physical subscale
- functional subscale
- social subscale
85
perdiatric voice pop.
Voice related quality of life scale:
10 item ? which is valid for its use with adult patients with voice disorders to measure?
patient-derived information gathering tool / social-emotional and physical functional aspects of voice problems
