Vocabulary Unit 3 Flashcards
Cell
Usually consists of a nucleus, cytoplasm, and a membrane. It is the smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms.
Cell membrane
Acts as a barrier between the inside of the cell and the cell’s environment. It controls materials going into and out of the cell. It is made of phospholipids.
Cell Theory
States that all organisms are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of all living things, and all cells come from existing cells.
DNA
A molecule that is present in all living cells and contains information that is inherited by the offspring
Eukaryote
A type of cell that HAS a membrane bound nucleus. This group of cells contains protest, animals, plants, and fungi.
Nucleus
An organelle in which DNA is found of a eukaryotic cell
Organelle
A small body found within the cell’s cytoplasm. It is specialized to perform a specific function.
Prokaryote
Single celled organism that DOES NOT have a membrane-bound nucleus. Some examples in this class include bacteria and archaea.
Robert Hooke
The first person to describe cells. He looked it up then slice of cork under a microscope and found “little boxes” which he named cells.
Anton Van Leewenhoek
A Dutch merchant. He used one of his microscopes to look at the pond scum. He happened to discover “animalcules” which we now call Protists.
Chloroplast
Cell organelle that is necessary for photosynthesis to occur
Golgi Complex
And organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell. This organelle may also modify lipids and proteins to do different jobs.
Lysosomes
Vesicles found mainly in animal cells that contain digestive enzymes. They are responsible for digestion in a cell, getting rid of waste, and engulfing foreign invaders.
Mitochondria
It is the main power source of a cell. Energy is released in the form of ATP.
Nucleolus
It is a dark area in the nucleus where cells begin to make ribosomes.
