Chapter 4 Vocabulary Quiz

Question 1

Binary fission

Answer 1

This process occurs in prokaryotes (bacteria and Archaea)It is a less complicated means by which the cells divide

Question 2

Cancer

Answer 2

A tumor in which the cells begin dividing at an uncontrolled rate and can become invasive (affect the organism)

Question 3

Cellular respiration

Answer 3

Glucose plus oxygen reacts to form carbon dioxide plus water

Question 4

Chlorophyll

Answer 4

This is the main pigment used in photosynthesis that gives plants there green color. It is found within the chloroplasts.

Question 5

Chromosome

Answer 5

In a eukaryotic cell it is one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein. In a prokaryotic cell, it is the main ring of DNA.

Question 6

Fermentation

Answer 6

The breakdown of food without the use of oxygen.

Question 7

Melanoma

Answer 7

This is one type of deathly skin cancer. Wear that sunscreen!

Question 8

Mitosis

Answer 8

This process occurs in eukaryotes. It is the process of cellular division that forms two new nuclei each of which has the same number of chromosomes.

Question 9

Photosynthesis

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide plus water combines with light to form sugar and oxygen

Question 10

ATP

Answer 10

Adenosine triphosphate is the molecule that is freed during the process of cellular respiration. Molecules of this supply readily available energy fuels cells activities such as growth

Question 11

Cytokinesis

Answer 11

The division of the cytoplasm of a cell

Question 12

Cell cycle

Answer 12

The lifecycle of a cell. It includes interfase, mitosis, and cytokinesis

Question 13

Daughter cells

Answer 13

Cytokinesis, the cell divides resulting in these two identical cells

Question 14

Cell plate

Answer 14

A major difference between cell division of animal and plant cells. Implant algae and fungi cell division, this forms between the two daughter cells during cytokinesis. This is where the new cell wall will form

Question 15

Interphase

Answer 15

The longest portion of the cell cycle in which the cell replicates it’s chromosomes they start to become sister chromatids) and organelles

Question 16

Feedback switches

Answer 16

This term pertains to the proteins that control the go and stop of the cells lifecycle. If they are not functioning properly, rapid cell growth may occur (cancer)

Question 17

Anaphase

Answer 17

This phase of mitosis in which the paired (or sister) chromatids are separated and pulled (by the centrioles) two opposite sides of the cell

Question 18

Metaphase

Answer 18

A phase of mitosis in which the nuclear membrane dissolves in the sister chromatids a line in the middle of the cell (the cells equator).

Question 19

Prophase

Answer 19

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes condense are thinking to become rodlike structures

Question 20

Telophase

Answer 20

A phase of mitosis in which the nuclear membrane reforms around each set of chromosomes and the chromosomes do you can dance. The cell is just starting to pinch in two. Mitosis is now complete.