Vocabulary For Skeletal System

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

Draw away form the midline of the body

Question 2

Adduction

Answer 2

Draw towards the midline of the body

Question 3

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 3

Consists of limb bones, pelvic and shoulder girdle (126 bones)

Question 4

Axial skeleton

Answer 4

Consists of skull, vertebrae, sternum, and rib bones (80 bones)

Question 5

Ball and socket

Answer 5

Ball shaped head of one bone articulates with a cup shaped socket of another - ex. Shoulder and hip

Question 6

Bursitis

Answer 6

Bursa sacs become inflamed

Question 7

Cartilage

Answer 7

Collagen protein material that has not been hardened by mineral deposits

Question 8

Circumduction

Answer 8

Circular motion - moving a part so that it’s end follows a circular path

Question 9

Collagen

Answer 9

Type of protein that makes up bone tissue

Question 10

Compact bone

Answer 10

Hard part of bone that stores the minerals, phosphorous and calcium

Question 11

Condyloid

Answer 11

Oval shaped condyle of one bone articulates with elliptical cavity of another - ex. Between metacarpals and phalanges and radius/ulna and carpals

Question 12

Dislocation

Answer 12

Painful condition in which bones at a joint come out of alignment

Question 13

Extension

Answer 13

Straightening out - increase the angle at a joint

Question 14

Flexion

Answer 14

Bending - decrease the angle at the joint

Question 15

Fractures

Answer 15

Broken bones

Question 16

Gliding

Answer 16

Articulation bone surfaces are nearly flat – ex. Carpals, tarsals, vertebrae

Question 17

Gout

Answer 17

Crystals of Uris acid that collects in the joint

Question 18

Hinge

Answer 18

Joint that moves in one plane only - flexion and extension, – ex. Knee, elbow, and phalanges

Question 19

Immovable joint bones

Answer 19

By ligament sutures - no movement, – ex. Bones of skull

Question 20

Joint

Answer 20

Point at which two or more bones meet or articulate

Question 21

Ligaments

Answer 21

Type of connective tissue that connects bone to bone, holds joints together

Question 22

Ossification

Answer 22

Process in which calcium and phosphorus are deposited around collagen to make bones hard and strong

Question 23

Osteoblasts

Answer 23

Bone building cells - produce collagen matrix for new bone tissue

Question 24

Osteoclasts

Answer 24

Cells that dissolve bone tissue and cartilage, keep bones light

Question 25

Osteoporosis

Answer 25

Condition where compact bone thin and becomes porous and weak because of calcium loss

Question 26

Osteocytes

Answer 26

Bone cells - repairs fractured bones

Question 27

Partially movable

Answer 27

Slight movement at the joint- ex. Tibia and fibula, spine and ribs

Question 28

Periosteum

Answer 28

Protective outer converting of bone

Question 29

Pivot

Answer 29

Joint in which one bone pivots on or around another - ex. Radius and ulna, atlas and axis vertebrae

Question 30

Pronation

Answer 30

Type of rotation of the forearm, palms down

Question 31

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 31

Autoimmune disease that causes painful swelling at joints, inflamed synovial membrane, cartilage deterioration and calcium deposits

Question 32

Rickets

Answer 32

Disease that results when vitamin D is lacking — bones soften and bend outward

Question 33

Rotation

Answer 33

Turns on an axis or pivots around an axis

Question 34

Saddle

Answer 34

Joint shaped like a saddle – ex. Carpal and metacarpal of the thumb

Question 35

Scoliosis

Answer 35

Lateral curvature of the spine

Question 36

Spongy bone

Answer 36

Soft part of bone, found in the ends and the shaft of the bone

Question 37

Sprain

Answer 37

Unnatural movement cause by stretching of ligaments and tendons

Question 38

Stress fracture

Answer 38

Fractures cause by overuse

Question 39

Shin splints

Answer 39

Inflammation of the periosteum

Question 40

Supination

Answer 40

Type of rotation of the forearm, palms up

Question 41

Synovial fluid

Answer 41

Fluid fund secreted by the synovial membrane - helps reduce friction at joints and prevents wear and tear on the cartilage

Question 42

Yellow marrow

Answer 42

Found in the shaft of the long bones, mostly fat - can produce blood cells in emergency situations