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Biology > Vocabulary Final on Monday > Flashcards

Vocabulary Final on Monday Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Morphology

A

Study of shape

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2
Q

Biology

A

Study of living things

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3
Q

Evolution

A

Change of organisms over time

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4
Q

Cell

A

Smallest possible assembly of parts to make a living thing

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5
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Cells with a nucleus

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6
Q

Prokaryotic

A

Cells without a nucleus

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7
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonuleic Acid

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8
Q

Genome

A

Entirely of DNA for an organism

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9
Q

Molecule

A

smallest assembly of atoms that is still a chemical

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10
Q

FFF

A

Form, Fits, Function

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10
Q

Protein

A

String of amino acids

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11
Q

Amino Acid

A

Monomer of protein

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12
Q

Primary Structure

A

Level 1: Sequence of amino acids

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13
Q

Secondary Structure

A

Level 2: hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

Tertiary Structure

A

Level 3: R groups

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15
Q

Quaternary Structure

A

Level 4: multiple amino acid chains

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16
Q

Catalyst

A

Speeds up a chemical reaction without getting used up

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17
Q

R-Group

A

Determines which amino acid it is

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18
Q

N-terminus

A

Nitrogen end of amino acids

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19
Q

C-terminus

A

Carbon end of amino acid

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20
Q

Microscopy

A

Use of microscopes

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21
Q

Objective Lens

A

Magnifying lens closest to specimen

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22
Q

Ocular

A

Eyepiece

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23
Q

Magnification

A

Enlarge, make bigger

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24
Q

Compound Microscope

A

Lenses stacked in order to multiply magnification

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25
Q

Specimen

A

Item being examined

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26
Q

Scanning Electron Microscope

A

Uses beam of electrons to analyze the surface of a specimen

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27
Q

Histology

A

Study of tissue

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28
Q

Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek

A

Inventor of the microscope

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29
Q

Binocular

A

Having two eyepieces

30
Q

Monocular

A

Having one eyepiece

31
Q

Field of View

A

Area of specimen being viewed when looking through a microscope

32
Q

Nucleic Acid

A

DNA and RNA, materials found in the nucleus of the cell

33
Q

Nucleotide

A

Monomer of DNA

34
Q

Double Helix

A

Two spirals that parallel each other

35
Q

Gene

A

Strand of DNA that consists specific genetic information

36
Q

Ribose

A

5 carbon sugar

37
Q

Nitrogenous Base

A

One of four chemicals: A, T, G, C (At Garden City)

38
Q

Denature (as in a denature protein)

A

change shape of protein

39
Q

Peptide Bond

A

Amine (nitrogen) to carbon bond of amino acids

40
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen (CHO)

41
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Single sugar

42
Q

Polymer

A

Chain of monomers

43
Q

Disaccharide

A

Two sugars

44
Q

Fatty Acid

A

Carbon chain that has acid on the end

45
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Hates water and non-polar

46
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Loves water and polar

47
Q

Phosopholipid

A

Major component of cell membrane

48
Q

Bilayer

A

Two layers

49
Q

Starch

A

Storage carbohydrate manufactured by plants

50
Q

Glycogen

A

Is a storage polysaccharide in animals

51
Q

Cellulose

A

Is a major component of the tough wall of plant cells

52
Q

Chitin

A

Provides structural support for the cell walls of many fungi

53
Q

Polar

A

Dissolves in water

54
Q

Non-Polar

A

Does not dissolve in water

55
Q

Saturated Fatty Acid

A

Solid at room temp, straight chains, single bonds

56
Q

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

A

Liquid at room temp, bent chains, one or more double bonds

57
Q

Adipose

A

Cells specifically for fat/lipid storage

58
Q

Steroid

A

Class of lipids essential for hormonal regulation

59
Q

Cholesterol

A

Important lipid constituent of cell membranes

60
Q

Glucose

A

The most common fuel for biochem pathways

61
Q

Enzyme

A

A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst

62
Q

Hormone

A

Chemical substances that act like the messenger molecules in the body

63
Q

Contractile and/or motor proteins

A

Capable of or producing contraction

64
Q

Collagen

A

The main structural protein found in the skin

65
Q

Elastin

A

A protein that exists as fibers end in the extracellular spaces

66
Q

Keratin

A

Fibrous structural of hairs, nails, horn hoofs, wool, feathers, in the outermost layer of skin

67
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Iron-containing protein in the blood of many animals

68
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone that lowers the level of glucose in the blood

69
Q

Cilia

A

A short microscopic hairlike vibrating structure found in the large numbers on the surface of certain cell plants

70
Q

Flagella

A

Microscopic hair-like structures involved in the locomotion of a cell

71
Q

Salinity

A

The dissolved salt content of a body of water

72
Q

pH

A

Quantitative measure of the acidity or pasicity of aqueous or other liquid

73
Q

Chaperonin

A

Proteins that guide proteins along the upper pathways for folding

Biology (11 decks)

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