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Vocabulary Final on Monday Flashcards

1
Q

Morphology

A

Study of shape

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2
Q

Biology

A

Study of living things

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3
Q

Evolution

A

Change of organisms over time

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4
Q

Cell

A

Smallest possible assembly of parts to make a living thing

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5
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Cells with a nucleus

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6
Q

Prokaryotic

A

Cells without a nucleus

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7
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonuleic Acid

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8
Q

Genome

A

Entirely of DNA for an organism

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9
Q

Molecule

A

smallest assembly of atoms that is still a chemical

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10
Q

FFF

A

Form, Fits, Function

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10
Q

Protein

A

String of amino acids

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11
Q

Amino Acid

A

Monomer of protein

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12
Q

Primary Structure

A

Level 1: Sequence of amino acids

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13
Q

Secondary Structure

A

Level 2: hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

Tertiary Structure

A

Level 3: R groups

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15
Q

Quaternary Structure

A

Level 4: multiple amino acid chains

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16
Q

Catalyst

A

Speeds up a chemical reaction without getting used up

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17
Q

R-Group

A

Determines which amino acid it is

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18
Q

N-terminus

A

Nitrogen end of amino acids

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19
Q

C-terminus

A

Carbon end of amino acid

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20
Q

Microscopy

A

Use of microscopes

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21
Q

Objective Lens

A

Magnifying lens closest to specimen

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22
Q

Ocular

A

Eyepiece

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23
Q

Magnification

A

Enlarge, make bigger

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24
Compound Microscope
Lenses stacked in order to multiply magnification
25
Specimen
Item being examined
26
Scanning Electron Microscope
Uses beam of electrons to analyze the surface of a specimen
27
Histology
Study of tissue
28
Anthony Van Leeuwenhoek
Inventor of the microscope
29
Binocular
Having two eyepieces
30
Monocular
Having one eyepiece
31
Field of View
Area of specimen being viewed when looking through a microscope
32
Nucleic Acid
DNA and RNA, materials found in the nucleus of the cell
33
Nucleotide
Monomer of DNA
34
Double Helix
Two spirals that parallel each other
35
Gene
Strand of DNA that consists specific genetic information
36
Ribose
5 carbon sugar
37
Nitrogenous Base
One of four chemicals: A, T, G, C (At Garden City)
38
Denature (as in a denature protein)
change shape of protein
39
Peptide Bond
Amine (nitrogen) to carbon bond of amino acids
40
Carbohydrate
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen (CHO)
41
Monosaccharide
Single sugar
42
Polymer
Chain of monomers
43
Disaccharide
Two sugars
44
Fatty Acid
Carbon chain that has acid on the end
45
Hydrophobic
Hates water and non-polar
46
Hydrophilic
Loves water and polar
47
Phosopholipid
Major component of cell membrane
48
Bilayer
Two layers
49
Starch
Storage carbohydrate manufactured by plants
50
Glycogen
Is a storage polysaccharide in animals
51
Cellulose
Is a major component of the tough wall of plant cells
52
Chitin
Provides structural support for the cell walls of many fungi
53
Polar
Dissolves in water
54
Non-Polar
Does not dissolve in water
55
Saturated Fatty Acid
Solid at room temp, straight chains, single bonds
56
Unsaturated Fatty Acid
Liquid at room temp, bent chains, one or more double bonds
57
Adipose
Cells specifically for fat/lipid storage
58
Steroid
Class of lipids essential for hormonal regulation
59
Cholesterol
Important lipid constituent of cell membranes
60
Glucose
The most common fuel for biochem pathways
61
Enzyme
A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst
62
Hormone
Chemical substances that act like the messenger molecules in the body
63
Contractile and/or motor proteins
Capable of or producing contraction
64
Collagen
The main structural protein found in the skin
65
Elastin
A protein that exists as fibers end in the extracellular spaces
66
Keratin
Fibrous structural of hairs, nails, horn hoofs, wool, feathers, in the outermost layer of skin
67
Hemoglobin
Iron-containing protein in the blood of many animals
68
Insulin
A hormone that lowers the level of glucose in the blood
69
Cilia
A short microscopic hairlike vibrating structure found in the large numbers on the surface of certain cell plants
70
Flagella
Microscopic hair-like structures involved in the locomotion of a cell
71
Salinity
The dissolved salt content of a body of water
72
pH
Quantitative measure of the acidity or pasicity of aqueous or other liquid
73
Chaperonin
Proteins that guide proteins along the upper pathways for folding

Biology (11 decks)

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