Meiosis Vocabulary Flashcards
(20 cards)
Autosome
all the chromosome aside from sex chromosomes
Sex chromosome
the set that determines the sex of the organism (gender)
Gamete
” sex cell “ the haploid sperm or egg
Chromatid
thickened chromosome
Meiosis
division of nucleus into 4 unique daughter cells
Mitosis
division of nucleus into 2 exact copies of cells
Homologous chromosomes
alleles appear on same locations of a pair of chromosomes
Gametogenesis
the production or beginning of sex cells
Independent assortment
random shuffling of genes
Crossing over
exchange of genetic material at points of contact in a pair of chromosomes
Sperm cell
male gamete
Egg cell
female gamete
Embryo
developing organism
Zygote
fertilized egg (diploid)
Gene
DNA sequence resulting in a given trait
Allele
gene at a specific location on a chromosome
Homozygous
genes on the allele are the same
Heterozygous
genes on the allele are different
Dominant allele
the trait that appears anytime the allele is present
Recessive allele
the trait that is “ hidden “ even though it is present on the allele
