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Biology Key concepts and definitions > Vocabulary CH. 1 > Flashcards

Vocabulary CH. 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Has changed to survive a area.

A

Adaptation

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2
Q

natural selection drives the evolution of the whole population, the ones remaining have these

A

Adaptive trait

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3
Q

a group of animals with back bone and those without back bones.

A

animalia

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4
Q

are composed of single celled organisms, the great majority of which are microscopic, it has been lumped into prokaryotes.

A

archaea

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5
Q

without the involvement of specialized reproductive cells such as sperm and eggs.

A

asexual reproduction

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6
Q

building blocks of matter, the material of which the universe is composed.

A

atom

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7
Q

organisms that obtain metabolic energy from the nonliving part of their environment.

A

autotroph

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8
Q

are composed of single celled organisms, the great majority of which are microscopic.

A

bacteria

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9
Q

sensing and responding to external cues.

A

behavior

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10
Q

refers to a change in the overall genetic characteristics of a group of organisms from one generation to the next.

A

biological evolution

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11
Q

from smallest to largest:
1) atoms
2) molecules
3) cells
4) tissue
5) organ
6)organ system
7) individual
8) population
9) community
10) ecosystem
11) biome
12) biosphere

A

biological hierarchy

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12
Q

the scientific study of life.

A

biology

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13
Q

are large regions of the world defined by shared physical characteristics, especially climate, and a distinctive community of organisms.

A

biome

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14
Q

We use this term to refer to molecules that are found in living cells.

A

biomolecule

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15
Q

the highest level of the biological hierarchy, all biomes become part of the.

A

biosphere

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16
Q

it shows that change in one variable causes change in the other variable.

A

causation

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17
Q

the smallest and most basic unit of life, the fundamental building block of al living things.

A

cell

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18
Q

populations of different species that live in a shared environment form a

A

community

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19
Q

heterotroph

A

consumer

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20
Q

is maintained under a standard set of conditions with no change in the independent variable.

A

control group

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21
Q

A researcher measures the value of the dependent variable for at least two groups of study subjects.

A

controlled experiment

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22
Q

means that two or more aspects of the natural world behave in an interrelated manner.

A

correlation

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23
Q

is a thick, aqueous fluid studded with a number of structures that have specialized functions.

A

cytoplasm

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24
Q

observations of nature can be purely descriptive, reporting information about what is found in nature: where, when, how much.

A

data

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25
Q

aby variable that responds or could potentially respond to changes in the independent variable.

A

dependent variable

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26
Q

the zygote divides many times to produce a juvenile offspring that mature into an adult.

A

development

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27
Q

deoxyribonucleic acid, is made up of many atoms held together in a ladder like pattern and twisted into a spiral along its length.

A

DNA

28
Q

of life are bacteria, archaea and eukarya

A

domain

29
Q

neither the study subjects nor the researchers know which participants are receiving the treatment and which are controls.

A

double-blind experiment

30
Q

together, a particular physical environment and all the communities in it make up a

A

ecosystem

31
Q

is a repeatable manipulation of one or more aspects of the natural world.

A

experiment

32
Q

sperm and eggs fusing together is a process known as

A

fertilization

33
Q

from yeasts to mushrooms.

A

fungi

34
Q

are organisms that acquire food from the living part of their environment.

A

heterotroph

35
Q

most cells and many multicellular organisms as well, maintain remarkable constant internal conditions.

A

homeostasis

36
Q

in conducting a scientific experiment an investigator typically manipulates a single variable.

A

independent variable

37
Q

all organ systems come together to work as a well-knit whole.

A

individual

38
Q

the capture, storage and use of energy by living organisms is known as metabolism.

A

metabolism

39
Q

a microorganism, especially a bacterium causing disease or fermentation.

A

microbe

40
Q

two or more atoms held together by strong chemicals bonds become a

A

molecule

41
Q

organism are made up of many different kinds of cells and are known as

A

multicellular organism

42
Q

is an evolutionary mechanism that changes the overall genetic composition of a population from one generation to the next by favoring the survival and reproduction of individuals best suited to their environment.

A

natural selection

43
Q

In the cells of plants and animals, DNA is housed inside a special structure.

A

nucleus

44
Q

is a description, measurement, or record of any object or phenomenon.

A

observation

45
Q

are body parts composed of different types of tissues functioning in a coordinated manner.

A

organ

46
Q

System of body parts that work together to make an individual.

A

organ system

47
Q

plants, algae, and certain bacteria are examples of producers that capture light energy in a metabolic process.

A

photosynthesis

48
Q

something like a dummy pill or sham treatment that mimics the actual treatment in an experiment.

A

placebo

49
Q

the sense among study participants that they are feeling better because they have received a beneficial treatment.

A

placebo effect

50
Q

the kingdom of all the plants.

A

plantae

51
Q

every cell is bounded by an oily layer called the.

A

plasma membrane

52
Q

is a group of individuals of a particular species that shares a common habitat.

A

population

53
Q

autotroph

A

producer

54
Q

a kingdom of algae, amoebas, and their relatives.

A

protista

55
Q

the ability to produce offspring.

A

reproduction

56
Q

we define science as a body of knowledge about the natural world and an evidence based process for acquiring that knowledge.

A

science

57
Q

is a direct and repeatable observation of any aspect of the natural world.

A

scientific fact

58
Q

is a major explanation about the natural world that has been confirmed through extensive testing diverse ways by independent researchers.

A

scientific theory

59
Q

male cells (sperm) and female cells (eggs) fused together to produce a single cell;.

A

sexual reproduction

60
Q

the study subjects do not know whether they belong to the control group or to the treatment group.

A

single-blind experiment

61
Q

groups that become so different from each other that they can no longer interbreed. we can recognize them as…

A

species

62
Q

a mathematical science that uses probability theory to estimate the reliability of data.

A

statistics

63
Q

refers to the practical application of scientific techniques and principles.

A

technology

64
Q

is a group of cells that performs a unique but fairly narrow set of tasks in the body.

A

tissue

65
Q

is maintained under the same standard set of conditions as the control group, but is manipulated in a way that changes the independent variable.

A

treatment group

66
Q

is any aspect of nature that is capable of changing.

A

variable

67
Q

is an informed, logical and plausible explanation for observations of the natural world.

A

Scientific Hypothesis

Biology Key concepts and definitions (3 decks)

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