Vocabulary CH. 1

Question 1

Has changed to survive a area.

Answer 1

Adaptation

Question 2

natural selection drives the evolution of the whole population, the ones remaining have these

Answer 2

Adaptive trait

Question 3

a group of animals with back bone and those without back bones.

Answer 3

animalia

Question 4

are composed of single celled organisms, the great majority of which are microscopic, it has been lumped into prokaryotes.

Answer 4

archaea

Question 5

without the involvement of specialized reproductive cells such as sperm and eggs.

Answer 5

asexual reproduction

Question 6

building blocks of matter, the material of which the universe is composed.

Answer 6

atom

Question 7

organisms that obtain metabolic energy from the nonliving part of their environment.

Answer 7

autotroph

Question 8

are composed of single celled organisms, the great majority of which are microscopic.

Answer 8

bacteria

Question 9

sensing and responding to external cues.

Answer 9

behavior

Question 10

refers to a change in the overall genetic characteristics of a group of organisms from one generation to the next.

Answer 10

biological evolution

Question 11

from smallest to largest:
1) atoms
2) molecules
3) cells
4) tissue
5) organ
6)organ system
7) individual
8) population
9) community
10) ecosystem
11) biome
12) biosphere

Answer 11

biological hierarchy

Question 12

the scientific study of life.

Answer 12

biology

Question 13

are large regions of the world defined by shared physical characteristics, especially climate, and a distinctive community of organisms.

Answer 13

biome

Question 14

We use this term to refer to molecules that are found in living cells.

Answer 14

biomolecule

Question 15

the highest level of the biological hierarchy, all biomes become part of the.

Answer 15

biosphere

Question 16

it shows that change in one variable causes change in the other variable.

Answer 16

causation

Question 17

the smallest and most basic unit of life, the fundamental building block of al living things.

Answer 17

cell

Question 18

populations of different species that live in a shared environment form a

Answer 18

community

Question 19

heterotroph

Answer 19

consumer

Question 20

is maintained under a standard set of conditions with no change in the independent variable.

Answer 20

control group

Question 21

A researcher measures the value of the dependent variable for at least two groups of study subjects.

Answer 21

controlled experiment

Question 22

means that two or more aspects of the natural world behave in an interrelated manner.

Answer 22

correlation

Question 23

is a thick, aqueous fluid studded with a number of structures that have specialized functions.

Answer 23

cytoplasm

Question 24

observations of nature can be purely descriptive, reporting information about what is found in nature: where, when, how much.

Answer 24

data

Question 25

aby variable that responds or could potentially respond to changes in the independent variable.

Answer 25

dependent variable

Question 26

the zygote divides many times to produce a juvenile offspring that mature into an adult.

Answer 26

development

Question 27

deoxyribonucleic acid, is made up of many atoms held together in a ladder like pattern and twisted into a spiral along its length.

Answer 27

DNA

Question 28

of life are bacteria, archaea and eukarya

Answer 28

domain

Question 29

neither the study subjects nor the researchers know which participants are receiving the treatment and which are controls.

Answer 29

double-blind experiment

Question 30

together, a particular physical environment and all the communities in it make up a

Answer 30

ecosystem

Question 31

is a repeatable manipulation of one or more aspects of the natural world.

Answer 31

experiment

Question 32

sperm and eggs fusing together is a process known as

Answer 32

fertilization

Question 33

from yeasts to mushrooms.

Answer 33

fungi

Question 34

are organisms that acquire food from the living part of their environment.

Answer 34

heterotroph

Question 35

most cells and many multicellular organisms as well, maintain remarkable constant internal conditions.

Answer 35

homeostasis

Question 36

in conducting a scientific experiment an investigator typically manipulates a single variable.

Answer 36

independent variable

Question 37

all organ systems come together to work as a well-knit whole.

Answer 37

individual

Question 38

the capture, storage and use of energy by living organisms is known as metabolism.

Answer 38

metabolism

Question 39

a microorganism, especially a bacterium causing disease or fermentation.

Answer 39

microbe

Question 40

two or more atoms held together by strong chemicals bonds become a

Answer 40

molecule

Question 41

organism are made up of many different kinds of cells and are known as

Answer 41

multicellular organism

Question 42

is an evolutionary mechanism that changes the overall genetic composition of a population from one generation to the next by favoring the survival and reproduction of individuals best suited to their environment.

Answer 42

natural selection

Question 43

In the cells of plants and animals, DNA is housed inside a special structure.

Answer 43

nucleus

Question 44

is a description, measurement, or record of any object or phenomenon.

Answer 44

observation

Question 45

are body parts composed of different types of tissues functioning in a coordinated manner.

Answer 45

organ

Question 46

System of body parts that work together to make an individual.

Answer 46

organ system

Question 47

plants, algae, and certain bacteria are examples of producers that capture light energy in a metabolic process.

Answer 47

photosynthesis

Question 48

something like a dummy pill or sham treatment that mimics the actual treatment in an experiment.

Answer 48

placebo

Question 49

the sense among study participants that they are feeling better because they have received a beneficial treatment.

Answer 49

placebo effect

Question 50

the kingdom of all the plants.

Answer 50

plantae

Question 51

every cell is bounded by an oily layer called the.

Answer 51

plasma membrane

Question 52

is a group of individuals of a particular species that shares a common habitat.

Answer 52

population

Question 53

autotroph

Answer 53

producer

Question 54

a kingdom of algae, amoebas, and their relatives.

Answer 54

protista

Question 55

the ability to produce offspring.

Answer 55

reproduction

Question 56

we define science as a body of knowledge about the natural world and an evidence based process for acquiring that knowledge.

Answer 56

science

Question 57

is a direct and repeatable observation of any aspect of the natural world.

Answer 57

scientific fact

Question 58

is a major explanation about the natural world that has been confirmed through extensive testing diverse ways by independent researchers.

Answer 58

scientific theory

Question 59

male cells (sperm) and female cells (eggs) fused together to produce a single cell;.

Answer 59

sexual reproduction

Question 60

the study subjects do not know whether they belong to the control group or to the treatment group.

Answer 60

single-blind experiment

Question 61

groups that become so different from each other that they can no longer interbreed. we can recognize them as...

Answer 61

species

Question 62

a mathematical science that uses probability theory to estimate the reliability of data.

Answer 62

statistics

Question 63

refers to the practical application of scientific techniques and principles.

Answer 63

technology

Question 64

is a group of cells that performs a unique but fairly narrow set of tasks in the body.

Answer 64

tissue

Question 65

is maintained under the same standard set of conditions as the control group, but is manipulated in a way that changes the independent variable.

Answer 65

treatment group

Question 66

is any aspect of nature that is capable of changing.

Answer 66

variable

Question 67

is an informed, logical and plausible explanation for observations of the natural world.

Answer 67

Scientific Hypothesis