Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Embryology > Vocabulary - Cardiovascular development > Flashcards

Vocabulary - Cardiovascular development Flashcards

1
Q

blood vessel formation

A

angiogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

heart formation

A

cardiogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

base of aortic arches

A

aortic sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

primitive heart chamber

A

bulbus cordis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

distal portion of the bulbus cordis; forms outflow tract of the left and right ventricle; becomes subdivided y the proximal portion of the aorticopulmonary septum

A

conus cordis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

loop formed when early heart folds upon itself

A

bulboventricular loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

mesenchymal masses that contribute to partitioning of the heart

A

endocardial cushions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

paired tubes that fuse to form the primitive heart tube

A

endocardial tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tubular structure with grooves delineating chambers, from inflow to outflow

A

primitive heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 5 components of the primitive heart?

A

1) sinus venous
2) primitive paired atria
3) primitive ventricle
4) bulbus cordus
5) conus cordis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mesodermal mass (initially in front of pericardial cavity) that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

A

septum transversum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the 2 portions of the developing interatrial septum?

A

1) septum primum

2) septum secundum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

partitioned by the aorticopulmonary septum; NOT a definitive structure found in normal adults; gives rise to the aorta and pulmonary trunk

A

truncus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

relating to yolk sac

A

vitelline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tissue composed of undifferentiated, multipotential cells. NOT EQUIVALENT TO MESODERM

A

mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when do the embryonic blood vessels form?

A

week 3-late ( ~2days after the 1st extraembryonic vessels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the heart initially begin as?

A

simple blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where do the extraembryonic blood vessels form?

A

visceral (splanchnic) layer of lateral plate mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the primordia of the heart?

A

endocardial tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the primitive vessels will form the ….

A

endocardial tubes and paired dorsal aortae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

space between somatic and visceral (splanchnic) lateral plate mesoderm

A

embryonic coelom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when (specifically) do the endocardial tubes fuse to form a single primitive heart tube?

A

day 20-22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cellular layer of heart resulting from fusion of heart tubes

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

layer of developing muscle derived from splanchnic mesoderm

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

outer layer fromed by splanchnic mesoderm migrating from sinus venosus

A

epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

lubricates movements of the pericardial layers

A

pericardial fluid

27
Q

fibrous layer superficial to the epicardium; continuous with adventitial layer of the great blood vessels

A

fibrous pericardium

28
Q

tissue formed by fusion of mesoderm layers between the gut and developing heart; suspends heart in pericardial cavity

A

dorsal mesocardium

29
Q

when is the heart no longer constrained in either the dorsal or ventral direction?

A

formation of the transverse sinus of the pericardium

30
Q

blood flows into the heart through the …

A

left and right horns of the sinus venosus

31
Q

after entering through the left and right horns of the sinus venosus, blood flows cranially through the …. (4)

A

1) single primitive atria
2) primitive ventricle
3) bulbus cordis
4) aortic sac

32
Q

blood exits the primitive heart via the ….

A

aortic arches

33
Q

the truncus arteriosus is eventually partitioned into the …

A

1) ascending aorta

2) pulmonary artery

34
Q

growth of the bulbus cordis and primitive ventricle; fixes arterial and venous end of the heart

A

bulboventricular loop

35
Q

the process of forming partitions

A

septation

36
Q

at which week do the endocardial cusions develop on the dorsal and ventral walls of the primitive heart?

A

week 4

37
Q

True or false? endocardial cushions run the entire length of the heart

A

FALSE

38
Q

the atrioventricular foramen is subdivided by the …

A

endocardial cushions

39
Q

what structures are formed by the thinning of the myocardium surrounding the canals?

A

1) atrioventricular valves
2) mitral valve (or left bicuspid)
3) right tricuspid valve

40
Q

grows on the roof of the common atrium

A

septum primum

41
Q

the opening between the septum primum and the endocardial cushions

A

foramen primum

42
Q

which septum forms to the right of the septum primum?

A

septum secundum

43
Q

True or false? the ostium primum is lost as the septum primum fuses caudally

A

TRUE

44
Q

opening formed by the free edges of the septum primum and septum secundum

A

foramen ovale

45
Q

name the two outflow paths created by the aorticopulmonary septum

A

1) ascending aorta

2) pulmonary trunk

46
Q

pair of swellings/cushions; aorticopulmnoary septum develops from this structure …

A

truncal and bulbar ridges

47
Q

the interventricular septum is composed of …

A

1) muscular part

2) membranous part

48
Q

space between cusions and muscular septum; open communication between ventricles until end of week 7

A

interventricular foramen

49
Q

the completion of the interventricular septum is dependent upon …

A

the completion of the aorticopulmonary septum

50
Q

25% of all congenital cardiac malformations; always involve left-to-right shunt of blood after birth; may lead to congestive heart failure; can close spontaneously

A

ventricular septal defects (VSDs)

51
Q

transverse (lateral) folding moves heart …

A

to the midline position

52
Q

longitudinal (head) folding moves heart …

A

ventrally

53
Q

when does the heart develop septations?

A

day 28-37

54
Q

congenital anomalies of the heart and great vessels (ex. Tetralogy of Fallot)

A

atrial septal defect

55
Q

most common ASD; probe patent (25% of population), may be clinically insignificant; cyanosis can result

A

patent foramen ovale

56
Q

abnormally short septum secundum or septum with fenestrations

A

secundum ASDs

57
Q

complete failure of interarterial septum formation; 3 chambers (2 ventricles, 1 big atrium)

A

cor trioculare biventriculare

58
Q

typically results in heart muscle hypertrophy

A

premature closure of foramen ovale

59
Q

failure of TA to divide ; conotruncal ridges do not develop properly; can be associated with multiple anatomical changes

A

persistant truncus arteriosus

60
Q

most common cause of cyanotic disease in newborns; aorticopulmnoary septums grows straight instead of spiraling; two circulations; may involve a VSD

A

transposition of the great arteries/vessels (TGA)

61
Q

unequal TA division leads to one artery being larger than the other; misplaced aorticopulmonary septum misaligns with intraventricular septum

A

overriding aorta or pulmonary trunk

62
Q

misplaced aorticopulmonary septum leading to 1) overriding aorta, 2) VSD, 3) pulmonary stenosis/pulmonary valve stenosis, 4) right ventricular hypertrophy

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

63
Q

the septum primum and endocardial cushion FUSE to close the …

A

foramen primum

Embryology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions