Development of GI System Lecture Points

Question 1

a diverticulum in the foregut bifurcates to form …?

Answer 1

bronchial buds

Question 2

name the 2 canals that run dorsally along pericardial and peritoneal cavities

Answer 2

pericardialperitoneal canals

Question 3

what are the two divisions of lateral plate mesoderm?

Answer 3

somatopleuric mesoderm and splanchnopleuric mesoderm

Question 4

which gut division goes on to form the allantois/bladder? (hint: it’s continuous)

Answer 4

hindgut

Question 5

what surrounds viscera?

Answer 5

splanchnopleuric mesoderm

Question 6

the primitive foregut (supplied by celiac artery) gives rise to the …

Answer 6

pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

Question 7

the primitive midgut (supplied by superior mesenteric artery) gives rise to the ….

Answer 7

caudal portion of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ascending colon, cecum, and appendix

Question 8

the primitive hindgut (supplied by inferior mesenteric artery) gives rise to the …

Answer 8

descending colon, rectum, anal canal, allantois, urogenital sinus

Question 9

what fluid is the amniotic fluid primarily composed of?

Answer 9

urine made by kidneys

Question 10

the chorionic cavity is attached to the amniotic cavity by what structure?

Answer 10

connective stalk

Question 11

the peritoneal cavity is derived from what germ layer?

Answer 11

endoderm

Question 12

which structure in GI development is not derived from endoderm?

Answer 12

spleen (mesoderm)

Question 13

which gut division makes the intestinal loop?

Answer 13

midgut

Question 14

which gut division makes the cloaca?

Answer 14

hindgut

Question 15

after the left greater curvature of the stomach is rotated, it becomes the what …?

Answer 15

posterior vagal branch

Question 16

what is the specific name of the dorsal mesentary surrounding the primitive stomach?

Answer 16

dorsomesogastrium

Question 17

which gut division develops into the liver?

Answer 17

ventral foregut

Question 18

how do you form an annular pancreas?

Answer 18

fusion of pancreatic diverticula; chokes off part of the gut tube causing stenosis and a cut leaflet

Question 19

describe the first rotation of the intestines

Answer 19

LONGITUDINAL; 90 degrees CLOCKWISE rotation OUT

Question 20

describe the second rotation of the intestines

Answer 20

180 degrees COUNTERCLOCKWISE rotation IN

Question 21

where is “exuberant” growth occurring during intestinal development?

Answer 21

ileum and jejunum

Question 22

what happens when the intestines don’t retract back in?

Answer 22

omphalocele

Question 23

what happens when the vitelline duct persists in the connective stalk, forming an outpocketing of the ileum? may present similar to appendicitis

Answer 23

Merkel’s diverticulum

Question 24

name the retroperitoneal viscera

Answer 24

esophagus and rectum

Question 25

name the secondary retroperitoneal viscera

Answer 25

ascending/descending colon, pancreas, liver, duodenum

Question 26

name the intraperitoneal viscera

Answer 26

stomach, gallbladder, transverse colon, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, sigmoid colon