Vocabulary 5-1-17

Question 1

Containment

Answer 1

the action of keeping something harmful under control or within limits.

Question 2

Cold war

Answer 2

a state of political hostility between countries characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare, in particular.
the state of political hostility that existed between the Soviet bloc countries and the US-led Western powers from 1945 to 1990.

Question 3

Truman doctrine

Answer 3

the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the communists as an open declaration of the Cold War

Question 4

Marshall plan

Answer 4

A program by which the United States gave large amounts of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after the devastation of World War II. It was proposed by the United States secretary of state, General George C. Marshall.

Question 5

NATO

Answer 5

a military alliance of European and North American democracies founded after World War II to strengthen international ties between member states—especially the United States and Europe—and to serve as a counter-balance to the Soviet U

Question 6

Warsaw pact

Answer 6

A military alliance of communist nations in eastern Europe. Organized in 1955 in answer to NATO, the Warsaw Pact included Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union.

Question 7

Cuneiform

Answer 7

denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets.

Question 8

Berlin wall

Answer 8

Fortified concrete and wire barrier that separated East and West Berlin from 1961 to 1989. It was built by the government of what was then East Germany to keep East Berliners from defecting to the West.

Question 9

Khrushchev

Answer 9

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was a politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War.

Question 10

Mauzedong

Answer 10

Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung, also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary and founding father of the People’s Republic of China, which he governed as the Chairman of the Communist

Question 11

Cuban middle crisis

Answer 11

The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the October Crisis, the Caribbean Crisis, or the Missile Scare, was a 13-day confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union concerning American

Question 12

Arms race

Answer 12

a competition between nations for superiority in the development and accumulation of weapons, especially between the US and the former Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Question 13

Satellite states

Answer 13

A Satellite State is a political term that refers to a country or nation that was formally independent, but is now politically and economically influenced by another country. The term is often used to reference the Soviet Empire, Soviet Satellite States, or Eastern Bloc.

Question 14

Domino theory

Answer 14

A Satellite State is a political term that refers to a country or nation that was formally independent, but is now politically and economically influenced by another country. The term is often used to reference the Soviet Empire, Soviet Satellite States, or Eastern Bloc.

Question 15

East Germany

Answer 15

East Germany, formally the German Democratic Republic, was an Eastern Bloc state during the Cold War period

Question 16

West Germany

Answer 16

West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990

Question 17

The people’s republic

Answer 17

People’s Republic” is a title used by certain republican states. Initially associated with populism (people’s movements: Völkisch movement, Narodnik, others), it eventually became associated with countries adhering to communism, after the creation of the Soviet Union and China.

Question 18

The Great Leap Forward

Answer 18

The Great Leap Forward (Chinese: 大跃进; pinyin: Dà yuè jìn) of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was an economic and social campaign by the Communist Party of China (CPC) from 1958 to 1962.

Question 19

The cultural revolution

Answer 19

The Cultural Revolution was a chaotic mass movement in the People’s Republic of China. Mao Zedong launched it in 1966, claiming that elitists were undermining the government and Chinese society.

Question 20

The gang of four

Answer 20

The Gang of Four (simplified Chinese: 四人帮; traditional Chinese: 四人幫; pinyin: Sìrén bāng) was a political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials. They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76) and were later charged with a series of treasonous crimes.

Question 21

The reed of guards

Answer 21

any of various radical or socialist groups, in particular a militant youth movement in China (1966–76) that carried out attacks on intellectuals and other disfavored groups as part of Mao Zedong’s Cultural Revolution.

Question 22

Bay of pigs

Answer 22

On April 17, 1961, 1400 Cuban exiles launched what became a botched invasion at the Bay of Pigs on the south coast of Cuba. In 1959, Fidel Castro came to power in an armed revolt that overthrew Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista.

Question 23

Space race

Answer 23

the competition between nations regarding achievements in the field of space exploration.
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Question 24

The iron curtain

Answer 24

the notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989.

Question 25

Sputnik

Answer 25

each of a series of Soviet artificial satellites, the first of which (launched on October 4, 1957) was the first satellite to be placed in orbit.

Question 26

Pri party

Answer 26

The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI) is a Mexican political party founded in 1929, that held power uninterruptedly in the country for 71 years from 1929 to 2000, first as the National Revolutionary Party, then as the Party of the Mexican Revolution.

Question 27

Samosa

Answer 27

a triangular savory pastry fried in ghee or oil, containing spiced vegetables or meat.

Question 28

Sandinista

Answer 28

a member of a left-wing Nicaraguan political organization, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), which came to power in 1979 after overthrowing the dictator Anastasio Somoza. Opposed during most of their period of rule by the US-backed Contras, the Sandinistas were voted out of office in 1990.

Question 29

Guerilla

Answer 29

a member of a small independent group taking part in irregular fighting, typically against larger regular forces.

Question 30

Pinochet

Answer 30

Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte was a Chilean general, politician and the military ruler of Chile between 1973 and 1990; he remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army until 1998.

Question 31

Fidel castro

Answer 31

Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who governed the Republic of Cuba as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976 and then as President from 1976 to 2008

Question 32

Batista

Answer 32

David Michael “Dave” Bautista Jr. is an American actor, semi-retired professional wrestler, former mixed martial artist, and bodybuilder

Question 33

Juan peron

Answer 33

Juan Domingo Perón was an Argentine lieutenant general and politician. After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President, he was thrice elected President

Question 34

Eva peron

Answer 34

María Eva Duarte de Perón was the second wife of Argentine President Juan Perón and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952.

Question 35

Organization of American states

Answer 35

The Organization of American States (Spanish: Organización de los Estados Americanos, Portuguese: Organização dos Estados Americanos, French: Organisation des États américains), or the OAS or OEA, is a continental organization founded on 30 April 1948, for the purposes of regional solidarity and cooperation among its …

Question 36

Doomsday clock

Answer 36

a symbol which represents the likelihood of a human-caused global catastrophe.

Question 37

Sphere of influence

Answer 37

a country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority.

Question 38

Cooperatives

Answer 38

involving mutual assistance in working toward a common goal.

Question 39

Richard nixon

Answer 39

Richard Milhous Nixon was an American politician who served as the 37th President of the United States from 1969 until 1974, when he became the only U.S. president to resign from office