Vocabulary

Question 0

Cultural Landscape

Answer 0

Cultural properties representing the combined works of nature and of man.

Question 1

Palimpsest

Answer 1

The trace of remains of previous cultures’ designs.

Question 2

Vernacular Landscape

Answer 2

A cultural landscape that evolved over time.

Question 3

Humanism

Answer 3

Study of humantics, rhetoric, and philosophy.

Question 4

Caryatid

Answer 4

Columns carved in a woman’s figure.

Question 5

Polis

Answer 5

Greek city-state

Question 6

Peristyle

Answer 6

Long rectangular porch surrounded by columns.

Question 7

Agora

Answer 7

Roman meeting/market place. Also for public performances. Always very open.

Question 8

Aqueduct

Answer 8

Supplied water to the city. 490-500 mi long.

Question 9

Cardo

Answer 9

Main street running north to south.

Question 10

Decumanus

Answer 10

Main street running east to west.

Question 11

Píazza

Answer 11

Italian public place

Question 12

Forum

Answer 12

Greek agora, usually surrounded by government buildings and usually at the intersection of the main streets. Enclosed. Not open like the Romans.

Question 13

Portico

Answer 13

Porch or covered walkway supported by columns.

Question 14

Petroglyph

Answer 14

(Also called rock engravings.) Images created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, and abrading

Question 15

Genius Loci

Answer 15

Spirit of place.

Question 16

Pictoglyph

Answer 16

Symbols painted on rock wall.

Question 17

Menhir

Answer 17

Geological stone that.

Question 18

Stela

Answer 18

Upright carved stone.

Question 19

Ziggurat

Answer 19

A terraced pyramid.

Question 20

Pyramid

Answer 20

A structure with a rectangular base and 4 triangular sides, tomb for pharaoh or king.

Question 21

Grotto

Answer 21

A natural or artificial cave that human’s imbue with spiritual or cultural meaning.

Question 22

Mimetic Architecture

Answer 22

Structures that imitate natural land forms.

Question 23

Geoglyph

Answer 23

Images inscribed on the earth.

Question 24

Chahar Bagh

Answer 24

4 fold garden design. 4 pieces bisected by water with a pool or fountain in the middle.

Question 25

Chadar

Answer 25

Patterns carved on the surface of the water chute. They created different effects in the cascade of the water.

Question 26

Chini Kana

Answer 26

Candles or flowers placed in the niches behind the water to enhance the effect of the falling water.

Question 27

Cloister

Answer 27

Covered walkway found in a monastery, like peristyles.

Question 28

Physic Garden

Answer 28

Garden containing medicinal herbs.

Question 29

Hortus Conclusus

Answer 29

Enclosed garden found in medieval designs.

Question 30

Trivio

Answer 30

Place where 3 streets met, often had a fountain in the middle.

Question 31

Cordonata

Answer 31

A sloping road composed of transversal stripes, which are made with stone or bricks.

Question 32

Orangerie or Orangery

Answer 32

Type of green house with large arched windows, made specifically to hold oranges and other fruits.

Question 33

Plinth

Answer 33

Solid base or platform a garden was built on.

Question 34

Allée

Answer 34

Pathway lined on either side by trees.

Question 35

Tapis Vert

Answer 35

Green lawn.

Question 36

Knot Gardens

Answer 36

Low clipped shrubs cut to look like a Keltic knot pattern.

Question 37

Maze

Answer 37

Confusing intricate plan of hedges raised above eye level.

Question 38

Battered Wall

Answer 38

Wall that gets narrower as it rises.

Question 39

Pilaster

Answer 39

Columns with one side attached to the wall.

Question 40

Pont

Answer 40

Bridge.

Question 41

Parterre

Answer 41

Garden consisting of planting beds typically set in symmetrical patterns. Very geometric.

Question 42

Parterre De Broderie

Answer 42

Parterre that has lots of curly cues and swirls. Modeled after women’s embroideries.

Question 43

Topiary

Answer 43

Shrubs were clipped into carefully sculpted elaborate designs, no natural design. To add interest and create a focal point of the garden.

Question 44

Palisades

Answer 44

Trees cut and manipulated and placed with consistent distances from each other. The tall head resembles a stockade fence.

Question 45

Espalier

Answer 45

Fruit tree is trimmed along the wall with supports and made into elaborate designs.

Question 47

Pollarding

Answer 47

Cut the tops of the tress off to keep them uniform hight.

Question 48

Gazebo

Answer 48

A roofed structure that offers an open view of the surrounding area.

Question 49

Berceaux

Answer 49

Arch or vaulted tralice

Question 50

Parterre de pièces coupés

Answer 50

Parterre that primarily uses flowers to form the design.

P.s let’s add flowers.

Question 51

Herbaceous Border

Answer 51

A collection of herbaceous plants arranged closely together, usually to create a dramatic effect through color, shape or large scale.

Question 52

Place

Answer 52

French Town square

Question 53

Elysian Fields

Answer 53

Paradise

Question 54

Ha-ha

Answer 54

Ditch with fence post at bottom to permit distant uninstructed views to keep livestock in.

Question 55

Picturesque

Answer 55

Fit to be made into a picture.

Question 56

Folly

Answer 56

Structure used to disguise a form. Or a random building as a focal point. Classical style.

Question 57

Moon gate

Answer 57

Traditional element in Chinese garden. Had a circular opening.

Question 58

Scholar-garden

Answer 58

Place for study and contemplation.

Question 59

Niwa

Answer 59

A sanctified space in nature. Garden in Japanese.