Final Vocabulary Flashcards
Women in architecture
- Cheryl Barton - blends history and modern
- Andrea Cochran - art on grand scale
- Isabelle Greene - natural ecosystems
- Mia Lehrer - relationship between house & garden
- Lauren Mclendrez - walkable space
- Pamela Palmer - water and light
- Katherine Spitz - structurally complex
Andrew jackson was the first american writer on Landscape arch
Andrew jackson was the first american writer on Landscape arch
Garden Cemetery
Clumps of ornamental plantings.
Landscape lawn cemetery
Picturesque
Greensward plan
Central park plan by Olmsted and Vaux
First park act
Allowed public land to be designed as a park.
Gardenesque style
Beds walled off in the garden for specific types of plants. “comma style”
Carpet bedding
Low to ground and densely planted.
Arboretum
Botanical garden of only trees. Lots of types of trees. UNLV.
Herbaceous borders
Border with plants all merging together. Compliment each other. More natural than gardenesque.
Arts & crafts movement (William Morris)
Artists/writers/philosophers acting out against industrial rev. Used natural materials.
Hints on Landscape Gardening
- Unity
- Inwardness
- Outwardness
- simplicity
- Man as nature
- House-garden unified
- Ecology for humans
- Variety
- Educational values
Country Place Era
American Style
- Attention to detail
- Use of high-quality material
- Carefully structured spaces
- Clear relationship between plant materials and hardscapes.
- Connection between house and garden
- Balance of formal and natural areas
3 steps of wild garden (William Morris)
- Evaluating existing conditions
- eliminate unwanted plants
- Introduce new plants and put in irrigation
City Beautiful movement (Charles Mulford Robinson)
First time in history with a comprehensive plan.
Civic center
Town square, plaza. center of a city, surrounded by gov buildings. public gathering space.
Loggia
Columns that open on one or more sides. Can be stand alone.
Art Deco
Sharp, angular, zig-zag forms.
National park service’s mission 66 program
Improve parks to be able to handle a larger number of people. Used modernism, which many hated. They wanted traditional rustic style.
Earth works/ land art
Available because of earthmoving equipment. They were usually in remote areas.
Surrealistic
Dreamlike
Clean air act of 1970
Regulations on emission release
Clean water act of 1972
Protects rivers and lakes. Because of the Cuyahoga river problem.
National environmental protection act of 1970
1970
California costal commission 1972
1972
Phytoremediation
Use plants to clean a site.
Landforming
Shaping land as art or something usable.
Federal housing athority
Help people achieve the dream of owning a home.
Veterans administration
Loan people money for the houses at low interest rates.
Preservation
Do everything possible to keep as it was originally designed.
Restoration
Fix something and keep as much of its original design as possible. Fixing up broken parts.
Rehabilitation
Adaptive use: Turning a church into a store. Preserve and use for something else
Reconstruction
Rebuild something historically significant from scratch. Usually from a picture.
Historical significance
Important to history. Has to be documented and certified. Associated with an event of life.
Integrity
Retaining enough attributed of historical significance to be certified.
- Location
- Design
- Setting
- Material
- Workmanship
- Feeling
- Association
- Topography
- Vegetation
- Circulation
HALS - Historica American Landscapes
In place to preserve national historic landscapes.
4 Cultural Landscapes
- Historic Site - Official site of preserved historical military, political, or social object.
- Historically designed landscape - Landscape designed by a specific person.
- Historically vernacular landscape - Evolved through use whose occupancies shaped it. Evolved over time. Not planned.
- Ethnographic Landscape - Cultural landscape that associated with people who define it as their natural heritage; native americans.
Greensward Plan - Central park plan
by Olmsted and Robert Law
Professional organization for landscape architects
ASLA
Only woman founder of ASLA
Beatrix jones vermont
Characteristics of Beaux-art style at World’s columbus expo
Neo-classical design. White. Sunglasses.
World’s columbus expo had what rides?
Ferris wheel by George Ferris.
Products of World’s columbus expo
burgers and soda
What civic center was made a national historic landmark?
Denver civic center.
Designers during the Country place era?
Ferruccio Vitale
Charles Adam Platt
What kind of landscape was Jens Jensen known for?
Naturalistic water features. Approach road. A sense of “wandering”. Fire pits.
Who designed Hearst’s castle?
Julia Morgan
Artists who’s work captured image of the west?
Thomas Ayres
Albert Bierstadt
Founder of Sierra Club?
John Muir
CCC?
Civilian Conservation Corps
Accomplishments of CCC
Helped forest and gave jobs to unskilled unemployed american men and updated forest fighting methods.
First national park
Yellowstone
How did Roberto Burle marx break up open space in Safrabank?
Different color pathways.
Goal of Lawrence Halprin’s Skyline park?
Restore connection of park to nature and urban environment
Movement that created planned, self contained communities surrounded by “greenbelts” (parks).
Garden city movement
Designer of Park Guell?
Antonio Gaudi
2 features of Park Guell
- Long bench covered in mosaics
- The lizard
Designer of Copacabana Promenade in Rio?
Roberto Burro Marx
What shape did Gabriel Guevrekian use in Garden of water and light, for the 1925 exposition in paris?
triangles
Who designed Blue Steps at Naumkeaf estate?
Fletcher steele
Who designed the Ira Keller Foundation in Portland, Oregon
Lawrence Halprin
Who was Richard Neutra?
Award winning architect. Believed the buildings and outdoor space should be designed as one
Characteristics of modernist landscape design?
Rejected tradition and embraced function
Who worked for Walt Disney for 40 years?
Morgan “Bill” Evans
Design strategies in Disney Land
Different colors of plant for 5 different lands.
used plants to create a sense of perspective and tell stories. Plants different in each kingdom.
Advantages of historic preservation?
- Being able to look back and see where we came from.
- Don’t make the same mistakes.
October 2000, National park service and ASLA added what program to document historical properties?
Historic American Landscape HALS
How does a historically significant landscape lose its integrity?
Doesn’t have enough attributes to be historically significant anymore.
After WWII, city centers weren’t convenient anymore, what replaced them?
Shopping malls.
