American Style 1. Attention to detail 2. Use of high-quality material 3. Carefully structured spaces 4. Clear relationship between plant materials and hardscapes. 5. Connection between house and garden 6. Balance of formal and natural areas

Final Vocabulary Flashcards by Sebastian Aguirre

Women in architecture

Cheryl Barton - blends history and modern
Andrea Cochran - art on grand scale
Isabelle Greene - natural ecosystems
Mia Lehrer - relationship between house & garden
Lauren Mclendrez - walkable space
Pamela Palmer - water and light
Katherine Spitz - structurally complex

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Andrew jackson was the first american writer on Landscape arch

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Garden Cemetery

Clumps of ornamental plantings.

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Landscape lawn cemetery

Picturesque

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Greensward plan

Central park plan by Olmsted and Vaux

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First park act

Allowed public land to be designed as a park.

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Gardenesque style

Beds walled off in the garden for specific types of plants. “comma style”

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Carpet bedding

Low to ground and densely planted.

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Arboretum

Botanical garden of only trees. Lots of types of trees. UNLV.

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Herbaceous borders

Border with plants all merging together. Compliment each other. More natural than gardenesque.

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Arts & crafts movement (William Morris)

Artists/writers/philosophers acting out against industrial rev. Used natural materials.

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Hints on Landscape Gardening

Unity
Inwardness
Outwardness
simplicity
Man as nature
House-garden unified
Ecology for humans
Variety
Educational values

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Country Place Era

American Style

Attention to detail
Use of high-quality material
Carefully structured spaces
Clear relationship between plant materials and hardscapes.
Connection between house and garden
Balance of formal and natural areas

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3 steps of wild garden (William Morris)

Evaluating existing conditions
eliminate unwanted plants
Introduce new plants and put in irrigation

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City Beautiful movement (Charles Mulford Robinson)

First time in history with a comprehensive plan.

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Civic center

Town square, plaza. center of a city, surrounded by gov buildings. public gathering space.

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Loggia

Columns that open on one or more sides. Can be stand alone.

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Art Deco

Sharp, angular, zig-zag forms.

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National park service’s mission 66 program

Improve parks to be able to handle a larger number of people. Used modernism, which many hated. They wanted traditional rustic style.

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Earth works/ land art

Available because of earthmoving equipment. They were usually in remote areas.

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Surrealistic

Dreamlike

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Clean air act of 1970

Regulations on emission release

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Clean water act of 1972

Protects rivers and lakes. Because of the Cuyahoga river problem.

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National environmental protection act of 1970

1970

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California costal commission 1972

1972

Phytoremediation

Use plants to clean a site.

Landforming

Shaping land as art or something usable.

Federal housing athority

Help people achieve the dream of owning a home.

Veterans administration

Loan people money for the houses at low interest rates.

Preservation

Do everything possible to keep as it was originally designed.

Restoration

Fix something and keep as much of its original design as possible. Fixing up broken parts.

Rehabilitation

Adaptive use: Turning a church into a store. Preserve and use for something else

Reconstruction

Rebuild something historically significant from scratch. Usually from a picture.

Historical significance

Important to history. Has to be documented and certified. Associated with an event of life.

Integrity

Retaining enough attributed of historical significance to be certified. 1. Location 2. Design 3. Setting 4. Material 5. Workmanship 6. Feeling 7. Association 8. Topography 9. Vegetation 10. Circulation

HALS - Historica American Landscapes

In place to preserve national historic landscapes.

4 Cultural Landscapes

1. Historic Site - Official site of preserved historical military, political, or social object. 2. Historically designed landscape - Landscape designed by a specific person. 3. Historically vernacular landscape - Evolved through use whose occupancies shaped it. Evolved over time. Not planned. 4. Ethnographic Landscape - Cultural landscape that associated with people who define it as their natural heritage; native americans.

Greensward Plan - Central park plan

by Olmsted and Robert Law

Professional organization for landscape architects

ASLA

Only woman founder of ASLA

Beatrix jones vermont

Characteristics of Beaux-art style at World's columbus expo

Neo-classical design. White. Sunglasses.

World's columbus expo had what rides?

Ferris wheel by George Ferris.

Products of World's columbus expo

burgers and soda

What civic center was made a national historic landmark?

Denver civic center.

Designers during the Country place era?

Ferruccio Vitale | Charles Adam Platt

What kind of landscape was Jens Jensen known for?

Naturalistic water features. Approach road. A sense of "wandering". Fire pits.

Who designed Hearst's castle?

Julia Morgan

Artists who's work captured image of the west?

Thomas Ayres | Albert Bierstadt

Founder of Sierra Club?

John Muir

CCC?

Civilian Conservation Corps

Accomplishments of CCC

Helped forest and gave jobs to unskilled unemployed american men and updated forest fighting methods.

First national park

Yellowstone

How did Roberto Burle marx break up open space in Safrabank?

Different color pathways.

Goal of Lawrence Halprin's Skyline park?

Restore connection of park to nature and urban environment

Movement that created planned, self contained communities surrounded by "greenbelts" (parks).

Garden city movement

Designer of Park Guell?

Antonio Gaudi

2 features of Park Guell

- Long bench covered in mosaics | - The lizard

Designer of Copacabana Promenade in Rio?

Roberto Burro Marx

What shape did Gabriel Guevrekian use in Garden of water and light, for the 1925 exposition in paris?

triangles

Who designed Blue Steps at Naumkeaf estate?

Fletcher steele

Who designed the Ira Keller Foundation in Portland, Oregon

Lawrence Halprin

Who was Richard Neutra?

Award winning architect. Believed the buildings and outdoor space should be designed as one

Characteristics of modernist landscape design?

Rejected tradition and embraced function

Who worked for Walt Disney for 40 years?

Morgan "Bill" Evans

Design strategies in Disney Land

Different colors of plant for 5 different lands. | used plants to create a sense of perspective and tell stories. Plants different in each kingdom.

Advantages of historic preservation?

- Being able to look back and see where we came from. | - Don't make the same mistakes.

October 2000, National park service and ASLA added what program to document historical properties?

Historic American Landscape HALS

How does a historically significant landscape lose its integrity?

Doesn't have enough attributes to be historically significant anymore.

After WWII, city centers weren't convenient anymore, what replaced them?

Shopping malls.