Vocabulary 1-24-17

Question 1

Enclosure Movement

Answer 1

Improved crop production

Question 2

Crop Rotation

Answer 2

the action of rotating around an axis or center

Question 3

Industrial Revolution

Answer 3

period of major industrialization that took place during the late 1700s and early 1800s

Question 4

Factors of Production

Answer 4

an economic term that describes the inputs that are used in the production of goods or services in order to make an economic profit

Question 5

Mechanization

Answer 5

the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery

Question 6

Factory System

Answer 6

the system of manufacturing that began in the 18th century with the development of the power loom and the steam engine and is based on concentration of industry into large establishments

Question 7

Cottage Industry

Answer 7

a business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home

Question 8

Entrepreneur

Answer 8

a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.

Question 9

Tenements

Answer 9

a room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments.

Question 10

Mass Production

Answer 10

the manufacture of large quantities of standardized products, frequently utilizing assembly line technology.

Question 11

Fordism

Answer 11

term widely used to describe (1) the system of mass production that was pioneered in the early 20th century by the Ford Motor Company or (2) the typical postwar mode of economic growth and its associated political and social order in advanced capitalism

Question 12

Corporation

Answer 12

a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.

Question 13

Monopoly

Answer 13

the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service

Question 14

Strikes

Answer 14

hit forcibly and deliberately with one’s hand or a weapon or other implement.

Question 15

Unions

Answer 15

the action or fact of joining or being joined, especially in a political context.

Question 16

Bargaining

Answer 16

negotiate the terms and conditions of a transaction.

Question 17

Eli Whitney

Answer 17

an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin.

Question 18

James Watt

Answer 18

a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), named after the Scottish engineer James Watt

Question 19

Henry Bessemer

Answer 19

an English inventor, whose steelmaking process would become the most important technique for making steel in the nineteenth century.

Question 20

Richard Arkwright

Answer 20

an inventor and a leading entrepreneur during the early Industrial Revolution.

Question 21

Robert Fulton

Answer 21

an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat called The North River Steamboat of Claremont.

Question 22

Samuel Morse

Answer 22

an American painter and inventor.

Question 23

Henry Ford

Answer 23

an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.

Question 24

JP Morgan

Answer 24

an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation in late 19th and early 20th Century United States.

Question 25

Immigration

Answer 25

the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

Question 26

Leisure

Answer 26

free time.

Question 27

Emigration

Answer 27

the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad.

Question 28

Push and Pull factors

Answer 28

factors which either forcefully push people into migration or attract them.

Question 29

Textiles

Answer 29

a type of cloth or woven fabric.

Question 30

Middle class

Answer 30

the social group between the upper and working classes, including professional and business workers and their families.