Vocabulary 1-24-17 Flashcards
Enclosure Movement
Improved crop production
Crop Rotation
the action of rotating around an axis or center
Industrial Revolution
period of major industrialization that took place during the late 1700s and early 1800s
Factors of Production
an economic term that describes the inputs that are used in the production of goods or services in order to make an economic profit
Mechanization
the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery
Factory System
the system of manufacturing that began in the 18th century with the development of the power loom and the steam engine and is based on concentration of industry into large establishments
Cottage Industry
a business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home
Entrepreneur
a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
Tenements
a room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments.
Mass Production
the manufacture of large quantities of standardized products, frequently utilizing assembly line technology.
Fordism
term widely used to describe (1) the system of mass production that was pioneered in the early 20th century by the Ford Motor Company or (2) the typical postwar mode of economic growth and its associated political and social order in advanced capitalism
Corporation
a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.
Monopoly
the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service
Strikes
hit forcibly and deliberately with one’s hand or a weapon or other implement.
Unions
the action or fact of joining or being joined, especially in a political context.
Bargaining
negotiate the terms and conditions of a transaction.
Eli Whitney
an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin.
James Watt
a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), named after the Scottish engineer James Watt
Henry Bessemer
an English inventor, whose steelmaking process would become the most important technique for making steel in the nineteenth century.
Richard Arkwright
an inventor and a leading entrepreneur during the early Industrial Revolution.
Robert Fulton
an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat called The North River Steamboat of Claremont.
Samuel Morse
an American painter and inventor.
Henry Ford
an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.
JP Morgan
an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation in late 19th and early 20th Century United States.
Immigration
the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.
Leisure
free time.
Emigration
the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad.
Push and Pull factors
factors which either forcefully push people into migration or attract them.
Textiles
a type of cloth or woven fabric.
Middle class
the social group between the upper and working classes, including professional and business workers and their families.
