Vocabulary 1 Flashcards
This deck provides advanced and useful words. The form of all the cards are as follows: -Word/Collocation -An example containing the word/collocation with quotation marks around it.
1
Q
Omniscient
A
Knowing everything
All wise, all knowing, all seeing
Adjective
2
Q
Speculative
These possible causes remain “speculative”.
A
Hypothetical
3
Q
Latitudes
A
The angular distance of a place north or south of the earth’s equator.
4
Q
Meridians
A
نصف النهار ها
Prime Meridian
5
Q
Equator
Higher “latitudes” have lower diversities.
A
خط استوا
6
Q
Regard
Some “regard” the differences as a reflection of this effect.
A
Consider
7
Q
Fabric
Diverse social “fabric”
A
Basic structure of a society
8
Q
Pulverized
“Pulverized” mineral substances.
A
Crushed
9
Q
Rendition
The songs are faithful “renditions” of songs from the past.
A
Performance
10
Q
Marsh
The”marshes” along the cost are home to a variety of birds.
A
Wetland
A wet and muddy area of land.
باتلاق
11
Q
secrete
Insulin is secreted in response to rising levels of glucose in the blood
A
(of a cell, gland, or organ) produce and discharge (a substance.
12
Q
Vertebrate
A
An animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
13
Q
Depleted
Reservoirs have been “depleted” by years of drought
A
Sth that their resources have been used up.
Synonym: Exhausted - Consumed - Used up
14
Q
Feeble
On the base, there are about nine less strongly tuberculated spiral threads with “feebler” threads between.
A
Faint and weak/ lacking strength
Prehistoric fish that were evolving used their lungs as a feeble way of gaining oxygen.
15
Q
Digress
I have digressed a little from my original plan
A
leave the main subject temporarily in speech or writing.
E.g. A good lecture does not digress from the main idea.
16
Q
Impetus
The ending of the Cold War gave new “impetus” to idealism
A
Something that makes a process or activity happen or to happen more quickly.
Synonym: Incentive
Often the impetus for change in education has had to come from outside the school establishment.
Verb: Incentivise: To make an incentive or impetus.
17
Q
Resent
We resent these insinuations that we are not capable of leading the company forward.
A
Feel bitterness or indignation at (a circumstance, action, or person)
Students mostly resent having to do tedious and long homework.
Synonym: Begrudge
18
Q
Aggrevate
A
worsen
19
Q
Allude
As alluded to previously, the entire universe may actually exist in a higher-dimensional space.
A
refer, hint
e.g. Adams had alluded to slavery in 1816, when he confided to Jefferson that “there will be greater difficulties to preserve our Union, than You and I, our Fathers Brothers Friends … have had to form it
20
Q
Conduct
He warned him to stop his improper “conduct”.
A
The manner in which a person behaves. Specially in a particular place or situation.
21
Q
Eminent
Hiring “eminent” professors, is not fruitful.
A
Famous and respected within a particular sphere.
22
Q
Axiomatic
It is “axiomatic” that life is not always easy.
A
Self-evident, unquestionable
23
Q
Cutting edge
The researchers are at the “cutting edge” of molecular biology.
A
The latest or most advanced stage in the development of something, modern
State-of-the-art
24
Q
Incentive
It gave farmers an “incentive” to improve their lands.
A
Motivation , stimulus
25
Aforementioned
| The “aforementioned” reason leads us to conclude that universities should hire more professors.
Denoting a thing or person previously mentioned
26
Prominent
| Hiring “prominent” professors, is not fruitful.
Famous, important
27
Admittedly
| “Admittedly” the salary was not wonderful.
In fact
28
Tracts
| Large forest "tracts" remained in the southern parts of New Zealand
areas
29
Thorough
| planners need a "thorough" understanding of the subject
complete with regard to every detail; not superficial or partial.
30
Delve into
| I will further delve into my idea by presenting two examples.
Explore
31
Mitigate
| drainage schemes have helped to mitigate this problem
make (something bad) less severe, serious, or painful.
Alleviate, reduce, diminish
32
Underlying
| Coral transplantation does not address the "underlying" problems.
significant as a cause or basis of something but not necessarily manifest or obvious.
The flu can be particularly severe for the elderly and those with underlying conditions
33
Reciprocity
The Community intends to start discussions on "reciprocity" with third countries
the practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit, especially privileges granted by one country or organization to another.
34
Vocation
| Students that do part-time jobs will not gain hand-on experience to prepare themselves for their future "vocation".
relating to an occupation or employment.
Specialized vocational courses such as fashion and catering have been popular among students
35
Thought-provoking
Sth that encourages you to think
36
cessation
Relapses after "cessation" of treatment are common.
the fact or process of ending or being brought to an end.
37
Rash and Impulsive
Something that is not though thoroughly
38
pinpoint
It is important to "pinpoint" all of the aspects of someone's life to identify the underlying reason for their success.
Identify specifically
It is hard to pinpoint a particular reason for this species demise.
39
Acquaint
New staff should be “acquainted” with fire exit routes.
Familiar
40
pinpoint
It is important to "pinpoint" all of the aspects of someone's life to identify the underlying reason for their success.
Identify
41
Sheer
| I think it is a “sheer” waste of time.
Nothing other than
42
Negligible
| The experience they gain is “negligible”.
Insignificant
| Unimportant or small
43
Jeopardize
| Pollutions can “jeopardize” people’s well-being.
Put at risk
44
Hustle and bustle
| They can get rid of the “hustle and bustle” of the cities.
Busy activity in a noisy surrounding.
45
Traffic congestions
| Nowadays “traffic congestions” are increasing.
Traffic jam
46
Convey
| They can set goals and “convey” them to other members.
deliver
47
Endeavor
He is “endeavoring” to help the third world.
Try hard to do something
48
Merely
Only
49
Adverse
Taxes are having an "adverse" effect on production
preventing success or development; harmful; unfavorable.
50
Escalation
| A further "escalation" of the crisis now seems inevitable
A rapid increase
| A rise
51
Urban
| He submitted his proposal for "urban" development to the city council.
In, relating to, or characteristic of a town or city
52
Notoriously
| The train company is overstaffed and "notoriously" inefficient.
Well-known for some bad or unfavorable quality
| Infamously
53
Commute
| Mike "commutes" to London every day.
If you commute, you travel a long distance every day between your home and your place of work.
54
Dominant
| She was a "dominant" figure in the French film industry.
More powerful, successful, influential, or noticeable than other
55
Surpassing
| A picture of "surpassing" beauty was shown.
Extraordinary
| Outstanding
56
Utilitarian
| Ann sees her car only as a "utilitarian" asset
Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive
57
Crudely
| The bowl was "crudely" made in a mold.
Roughly
| Not exact or detailed, but may be useful or correct in a rough, general way
58
Mold
| The bowl was crudely made in a "mold".
A hollow container used to give shape to molten or hot liquid material when it cools and hardens.
59
Well-rounded
| Children should receive a "well-rounded" education.
Thorough- Complete
60
Proctor
Students should be "proctored" during the test.
To monitor participants of an exam
61
Trivial
| Huge fines were imposed for “trivial” offenses.
Of little value or importance
| Unimportant
62
Surmise
She “surmised” that something must be wrong.
suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it
63
Vigorous
| She was a “vigorous” newborn.
strong, healthy, and full of energy.
64
Egalitarian
| We all want a fairer, more “egalitarian” society.
believing in or based on the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
65
Refute
| A spokesman totally "refuted" the allegation of bias
prove (a statement or theory) to be wrong or false; disprove.
e.g. His voice challenging his audience to rise and refute him
66
elicit
evoke or draw out
e.g. I tried to elicit a smile from Joanna
67
Procure
Timber ran short, and it was necessary to "procure" it from farther and farther away.
obtain (something), especially with care or effort.
e.g. Food procured for the rebels
68
Conventional
The conventional explanation for this is ...
Usual, based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed.
e.g. A conventional morality had dictated behaviour
69
Monopoly
Complete control
70
Porous
Layers of "porous" limestones
of a rock or other material) having minute interstices through which liquid or air may pass.
71
Varnish
جلا
72
Recounting
Telling
73
Customarily
Usually
74
ecological niches
places to live
75
estivation
hibernation in summer
76
burrowing into the ground
digging into the ground
77
Crevasse
Deep crack
78
Desiccation
They avoid desiccation by burrowing into the ground in hot temperatures.
Drying up
79
Ambient temperature
The temperature of the environment
80
Aesthetic
He responded very strongly to the "aesthetic" of this particular work.
"Aesthetic" is used to talk about beauty or art, and people's appreciation of beautiful things.
e.g. There is nothing aesthetically pleasing about this bridge.
81
Elusive
Ignoring the voters is an unaffordable luxury and a guarantee that power will remain "elusive" for many years to come.
Something or someone that is elusive is difficult to find, describe, remember, or achieve.
e.g. And so the hunt for that elusive first gold continues.
82
Substantial
The rehab center offers a number of "substantial" advantages over a home exercise program.
Substantial means large in amount or degree.
syn. Considerable
e. g. Only a fool would say we do not need substantial reform to stop this happening again.
83
Indigenous
Native
84
Fertile imagination
The ability to produce good ideas
85
Comprised
Native Indians comprised more than half of the population of early America.
consist of; be made up of.
the country comprises twenty states
this single breed comprises 50 percent of the Swiss cattle population
86
Mundane
Daily
87
Amply
The villa amply represents the Roman style of architecture.
enough or more than enough; plentifully.
Antonym. Scanty
88
Extravagant
lacking restraint in spending money or using resources.
89
Influx
a massive "influx" of tourists entered the room
an arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things.
Flooding, A large abrupt increase.
هجوم
90
Fixation
Do not fixate on the past.
An obsessive interest in or feeling about someone or something.
e.g. Our fixation with diet and fitness.
91
Amenity
the property is situated in a convenient location, close to all local "amenities".
Facility, A desirable or useful feature or facility of a building or place.
92
Epitomize
The buildings were made in a way that epitomized empirical power.
Be the perfect example of sth
93
Accentuate
Supremacy was accentuated by the unyielding straight lines in the architecture.
make more noticeable or prominent.
94
Unyielding
Supremacy was accentuated by the unyielding straight lines in the architecture.
(of a mass or structure) not giving way to pressure; hard or solid.
95
aristocracy
the highest class in certain societies, typically comprising people of noble birth holding hereditary titles and offices.
e.g. members of the aristocracy
96
Interim
The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened during the rest of the century by the rise of a type of government known as a tyranny, which is a form of "interim" rule by a popular strongman.
in or for the intervening period; provisional, temporary
97
embellishing
the blue silk is "embellished" with golden embroidery.
make (something) more attractive by the addition of decorative details or features.
98
sovereign
in modern democracies, the people's will is in theory "sovereign".
possessing supreme or ultimate power.
99
delegate
The assembly was sovereign in all matters but in practice delegated its power to subordinate bodies such as the council.
(noun) a person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference.
(verb) entrust (a task or responsibility) to another person, typically one who is less senior than oneself.
e. g.
100
Minute
There is “minute” differences.
extremely small, as in size, amount, extent, or degree
101
Agenda
The question of nuclear weapons had been removed from the agenda.
a list of items to be discussed at a formal meeting.
102
Overrule
وتو
103
Philanthropic
Humanitarian
104
To cram
Homeworks help students not to cram before the tests.
Study intensively
105
Cultivate
Activities such as keeping a pet may help children to cultivate a sense of responsibility.
To create, To make
106
Curb
Curbing junk food is an effective policy to increase overall health.
Make restrictions on something
107
Procrastinate
Students should avoid procrastinating their assignments and leaving them untouched until near the deadline.
Delay or postpone action; put off doing something.
The temptation will be to procrastinate until the power struggle plays itself out.
108
Debilitate
Stress debilitates one's ability to work productively.
make (someone) very weak and infirm.
109
Efficacious
(of something inanimate or abstract) successful in producing a desired or intended result; effective.
110
Unwind
Extra-curricular activities can help students to unwind.
Relax
111
cordial environment
friendly environment
112
Tranquillity
One can enjoy "tranquility" in the countryside.
the quality or state of being tranquil; calm.
Passing cars are the only noise that disturbs the tranquillity of rural life.
113
Unearth
Participating in extra-curricular classes can help unearth some natural talents.
Reveal
114
Saturate
The soil is "saturated".
cause (something) to become thoroughly soaked with water or other liquid so that no more can be absorbed.
اشباع
115
abundant
fish are "abundant" in the Caspian.
available in large quantities so that there is more than enough
116
meteoric
the most abundant type of groundwater is "meteoric" water
relating to or denoting water derived from the atmosphere.
117
pebble
a narrow "pebble" beach
a small smooth stone found especially on a beach or on the bottom of a river
118
consolidate
the first phase of the project is to "consolidate" the outside walls
make (something) physically stronger or more solid
119
coarse
a "coarse" woolen cloth
rough or harsh in texture
120
sediment
there is a huge concentration of "sediment" in deltas
matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid
| رسوب
121
laden
a tree "laden" with apples
heavily loaded or weighed down
122
glacier
/ˈɡlasɪə,ˈɡleɪsɪə/
a slowly moving mass or river of ice formed by the accumulation and compaction of snow on mountains or near the poles
یخچالهای طبیعی
123
slope
سرازیری
124
stream
a small, narrow river
125
valley
a low area of land between hills or mountains, typically with a river or stream flowing through it.
126
cement
wooden posts were "cemented" into the ground
fix with cement
| سیمانی شده
127
percolate
the water "percolating" through the soil may leach out minerals.
filter gradually through a porous surface or substance
نفوذ
128
porous
allowing liquid, air, etc to pass slowly through many very small holes
منفذدار
129
crevice
/ˈkrɛvɪs/
a narrow opening or fissure, especially in a rock or wall.
شکاف
130
concrete
there is little "concrete" evidence on which to draw
definite and specific
131
draw on sth
She had a wealth of experience to "draw on".
to use information or your knowledge of something to help you do something
132
anthropology
the scientific study of people, their societies, cultures, etc
133
envision
He envisioned a partnership between business and government.
to imagine something that you think might happen in the future, especially something that you think will be good
134
ritual
a ceremony that is always performed in the same way, in order to mark an important religious or social occasion
135
refine
Carmakers are constantly "refining" their designs.
to improve a method, plan, system, etc by gradually making slight changes to it
136
formalize
Final arrangements for the takeover have yet to be "formalized".
transitive
| to make a plan, decision, or idea official, especially by deciding and clearly describing all the details
137
autonomous
independent
138
aesthetic
connected with beauty and the study of beauty
139
elaborate
the theory was proposed by Cope and "elaborated" by Osborn.
develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in further detail.
140
virtuosity
The technical "virtuosity" of the paintings is such that you can almost smell the flowers.
/ˌvɝː.tʃuˈɑː.sə.t̬i/
| the quality of being extremely skilled at something
141
antecedent
a thing that existed before or logically precedes another
142
encounter
The government has "encountered" strong opposition to its plans to raise income tax.
to experience something, especially problems or opposition
143
penchant
a liking for, an enjoyment of, or a habit of doing something, especially something that other people might not like
144
inclination
a feeling that you want to do a particular thing, or the fact that you prefer or are more likely to do a particular thing
145
timber
as in timberline: treeline
trees that are grown so that the wood from them can be used for building
146
semiarid
/ˌsɛmɪˈarɪd/
| dry but having slightly more rain than an arid region or climate
147
deciduous
/dɪˈsɪdʒ.u.əs/
| A deciduous tree loses its leaves in autumn and grows new ones in the spring.
148
ridges
a long area of high land, especially at the top of a mountain
149
altitude
the height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level.
150
prevalent
common at a particular time, in a particular place, or among a particular group of people
151
Interpretation
What exactly the author meant by that statement is open to "interpretation".
the way in which someone explains or understands an event, information, someone’s actions, etc
تفسیر
152
contemporary
an exhibition of "contemporary" Japanese prints.
modern
153
depict
a book "depicting" life in pre-revolutionary Russia.
/dɪˈpɪkt/
| to describe something or someone in writing or speech, or to show them in a painting, picture, etc
154
bleak
without anything to make you feel happy or hopeful
155
cattle
cows and bulls kept on a farm for their meat or milk
156
reside
He spent most of his time in Rutherglen, where his family "resided".
formal to live in a particular place
157
temperate
The weather here continues to be "temperate".
behavior that is temperate is calm and sensible
ملایم
158
offspring
a young mother trying to control her "offspring".
someone’s child or children
159
conventional
Internet connections through "conventional" phone lines are fairly slow.
That’s been the "conventional" wisdom among geologists for quite some time.
a conventional method, product, practice, etc has been used for a long time and is considered the usual type
160
conclusive
The investigation failed to provide any "conclusive" evidence.
showing that something is definitely true
161
soot
They ended up with a layer of black "soot" on them.
black powder that is produced when something is burned
| دوده
162
discern
Is it possible to "discern" a sequence or a pattern of development between styles?
to notice or understand something by thinking about it carefully
163
incomprehensible
difficult or impossible to understand
164
indigenous
native
165
underlying
There is an "underlying" assumption that new technology is always a good thing.
usually “known,” but not discussed, nor written, or easily found.
166
supplant
Chicago "supplanted" New Orleans as the interior of America's main commercial hub.
replace
167
Propel
Railroads also propelled the growth of small towns along their routes.
To push forward
The nation's ignorant preference of religion over basic welfare propelled the rise of an Islamic republic.
168
replete
The selection of Manteno, Illinois, as a stop of the Illinois Central, for example, transformed the site from a crossroads without a single house in 1854 into a bustling town of nearly a thousand in 1860, replete with hotels, lumberyards, grain elevators, and gristmills.
full of something
169
conduct (noun)
the railroads transformed the "conduct" of business.
to carry out a particular activity or process, especially in order to get information or prove facts
170
onset
With the "onset" of economic depression in the late 1830s, however, state governments scrapped overly ambitious railroad projects.
the moment at which something unpleasant begins
171
lower strata (plural form of stratum)
They influenced the lower strata of urban society.
lower-class people who are in the same position socially
172
Rigid
Strict
173
lower strata (plural form of stratum)
They influenced the lower strata of urban society.
lower class portion of the people
174
Substitution
Replacement
175
constitution
A set of basic laws and principles that a country or organization is governed by
The right to speak freely is written into the Constitution of the United States.
176
constitution
A set of basic laws and principles that a country or organization is governed by
The right to speak freely is written into the Constitution of the United States.
177
Timid
not having courage or confidence SYN shy OPP confident
a policy that is both timid and inadequate
178
vacillating (Adj)
to continue to change your opinions, decisions, ideas etc SYN waver
e.g.
Timid and vacillating, King Joao did not know which way to turn.
179
Conservative
not liking changes or new ideas
محافظ کار
180
Conduit
a channel for conveying water or other fluid.
181
attest
The certificate "attests" the authenticity of the painting.
provide or serve as clear evidence of.
Her record attests her integrity.
182
Graft
Insert
183
Pasture
land covered with grass and other low plants suitable for grazing animals, especially cattle or sheep.
184
Demographic
The newspaper will be making some changes in order to adapt to the region's shifting "demographics".
Relating to the structure of populations.
Observing the demographic trend in Iran provides evidence that the population is suspected to become more old in the near future.
185
Conducive
Hot, dry weather is conducive to the spread of forest fires.
Tending to promote or assist
The school tries to create an atmosphere (that is) conducive to learning.
186
Textile
a type of cloth or woven fabric.
187
Foray
a sudden attack or incursion into enemy territory, especially to obtain something; a raid.
The garrison made a foray against Richard's camp.
188
Undercut
These industries have been undercut by more efficient foreign producers.
offer goods or services at a lower price than (a competitor).
Elsewhere in Europe, mainstream parties have adopted more hard-line rhetoric on immigration in a bid to undercut the growing populist and nationalist wave.
189
Rhetoric
All we have from the Opposition is empty "rhetoric".
The media almost never discuss what the sweeping dismantling of public services inherent in the "rhetoric" of the anti-government movement would mean in practice.
the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.
Rhetorical:
Something that is meant to persuade rather than express elicit information.
Repetition is a common "rhetorical" device.
190
drudgery
Hard mental or Dull work
e.g. domestic drudgery
191
Proliferation
a continuing threat of nuclear "proliferation"
rapid increase in numbers.
The continuous proliferation of child workers forced the government to come up with a solution as soon as possible.
192
Confer (Reciprocal Verb)
When you confer with someone, you discuss something with them in order to make a decision. You can also say that two people confer.
He conferred with Hill and the others in his office.
193
Confer (Transitive Verb)
To confer something such as power or an honor on someone means to give it to them.
The constitution also confers large powers on Brazil's 25 constituent states.
194
Studious
Someone who is studious spends a lot of time reading and studying books.
195
Diligent
Diligent effort has taken place to restore the great canal.
Publishing a paper is Neural-IPS requires diligent work and perseverance.
Someone who is diligent works hard in a careful and thorough way.
Meyers is a diligent and prolific worker.
Synonyms: hard-working, careful, conscientious, earnest
196
Thaw
The sun will soon thaw the snow and ice.
(of ice, snow, or another frozen substance, such as food) become liquid or soft as a result of warming.
the river thawed and barges of food began to reach the capital
197
burgeoning
Manufacturers are eager to cash in on the burgeoning demand.
beginning to grow or increase rapidly; flourishing.
The burgeoning population of primates soon dominated the coastal areas of north-western America.
198
Inadvertently
his name had been inadvertently omitted from the list
By accident and coincidence
In the case of inadvertent omissions, the filer can contact the commission.
199
Affluent
The affluent few have dominated the areas real estate.
the affluent societies of the western world.
The more affluent countries on the other hand can adequately resolve this pressure.
200
compensating for
payments were made to farmers to "compensate" them for cuts in subsidies.
give (someone) something, typically money, in recognition of loss, suffering, or injury incurred; recompense.
201
pertinent
she asked me a lot of very "pertinent" questions.
relevant
202
ratio
the "ratio" of men's jobs to women's is 8 to 1
proportion
203
retard
our progress was "retarded" by unforeseen difficulties.
slow down
204
pronounced
he had a pronounced squint
noticeable
205
vicinity
surrounding area
206
prompt
the violence "prompted" a wave of refugees to flee the country
(of an event or fact) cause or bring about (an action or feeling).
207
precipitate
the incident "precipitated" a political crisis
cause (an event or situation, typically one that is undesirable) to happen suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely.
208
Virtually
the disease destroyed "virtually" all the vineyards in Orange County.
nearly; almost.
209
Lucrative
Thousands of ex-army officers have found lucrative jobs in private security firms.
Profitable
Many people tend to migrate to new places in order to find lucrative job opportunities.
210
Apprehensive
He apprehensively stared at her eyes, not knowing what may come next.
Sb who is apprehensive is afraid that sth bad might happen.
I waited apprehensively for him to comment.
211
Ephemeral
Gazing at the ephemeral nature of their being together, he rejected to accept the reality.
If you describe something as ephemeral, you mean that it lasts only for a very short time.
212
profound
his words profoundly affected my future.
very great or intense
213
serendipitous
occurring or discovered by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
214
premeditate
The assault was "premeditated" and particularly brutal.
think out or plan (an action, especially a crime) beforehand.
215
Condense
the morning play on Saturday was "condensed" into a half-hour package
make (something) denser or more concentrated.
216
revere
I revere my girlfriend's presentations.
feel deep respect or admiration for (something).
217
shunned
persistently avoided, ignored, or rejected.
218
shunned upon
the authority "shunned upon" the proposed solutions scientists presented.
deliberately avoiding something
219
dilute
bleach can be "diluted" with cold water.
make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.
220
Spur
her sons' passion for computer games spurred her on to set up a software business
Stimulate, give an incentive or encouragement to (someone).
221
Multitudinous
very numerous.
222
Diligent
He works diligently, therefore, gains pronounced result.
With persistence and hard work
223
Timid
Frightened and lacking the courage to do sth
224
Vacillate
She vacillates between studying economics and languages.
If you vacillate between two alternatives or choices, you keep changing your mind.
We cannot vacillate on the question of the party's leadership.
225
rudimentary
primary, basic
226
Radically
Completely, Fundamentally
227
Plausible
He brought up plausible evidence to attest his claim.
Persuasive, worth considering
228
Projected
Enlarged
229
Drawback
Problem
230
intricate
Mole rats where placed in intricate labyrinths to test their navigational abilities.
Complex
231
Detrimental
Space debris have detrimental effects on the lunar panels.
Harmful
232
Allegedly
They were allegedly engaged.
Supposedly
233
Notion
The notion of summer internships were new for the students at Sharif before then.
Idea
She rejects any notion of unfair advantage.
234
Attain
Hard work and perseverance helped them attain their goals.
Reach, Achieve
235
Embellish
The brown colored varnish on the armchair embellishes the whole appearance of the house.
Making more attractive
Ivy leaves embellish the front of the dresser.
236
Abound
The rain forests, abound with lush vegetation, is home to the most venomous frog.
If things abound, or if a place abounds with things, there are very large numbers of them.
237
Astoundingly
Astonishingly, Incredibly
238
Perpetuate
Too many cruel people who survived to perpetuate their cruelty.
to cause to continue or prevail
Such false beliefs perpetuates unhealthy life in them.
239
Superficially
The film touches on these difficult questions, but only superficially.
A superficial understanding of the film led critics to disapprove of the author's work.
If you describe someone or something as superficial, you disapprove of them or believe that thing is obvious either because the person does not think deeply or the thing is obvious.
syn. Shallow
This demonstrates the superficiality of the judgements we make when we first meet people.
240
Culminate (in)
All of Darwin's findings in the first half of his life culminate in his work "On the origins of species".
To reach its highest point or climax; result (in)
241
Appraisal
A careful appraisal is currently needed to highlight the main points in which you can improve.
If you make an appraisal of something, you consider it carefully and form an opinion about it.
What is needed in such cases is a calm appraisal of the situation.
242
Impervious to
The nature in these lands, impervious to human influence, has flourished.
Unaffected by
243
Hasten
Accelerate (Comes from haste!)
244
Conspicuous
He was conspicuous by his booming laughter.
Clearly visible
245
Indispensable
The Internet has become an Indispensable part of all human community.
Essential, Nondetachable
246
Mounting
Increasing
247
Compelling
The compelling behavior of his father led him to continue his major in that field.
Forceful
248
Impermeable
Impenetrable
249
Dissipated
As their final echoing shrieks of despair dissipated into silence the two figures began to fade.
Scattered,
The acrid stench of smoke from the fire had apparently dissipated over time.
250
Staple
Rice has become a staple of Iranian cuisine.
Regular feature
251
Intangible
Non-material
252
Boon
This battery booster is a boon for photographers.
You can describe something as a boon when it makes life better or easier for someone.
It is for this reason that television proves such a boon to so many people.
253
Partake
I love partaking "in" football.
They were happy to partake "of" our feast, but not to share our company.
If you partake of food or drink, you eat or drink some of it - If you partake in an activity, you take part in it.
254
Precarious
Insecure
255
Bountifully
Abundantly
256
Strewn
Scattered or spread
257
Prevalent
When working with proteins, this can be especially prevalent.
Most Common
258
Elegant
The document impressed me with its elegant simplicity.
If you describe a piece of writing, an idea, or a plan as elegant, you mean that it is simple, clear, and clever.
259
Resilient
The resilient nature of these bacteria help them cope with the most extreme circumstances.
Quick to recover
260
Copious
Abundant, bountiful
261
devoid of
lacking in
262
propulsion
hey dive and use their wings for "propulsion" under water
the action of driving or pushing forwards
263
devise
a training program should be "devised"
plan or invent (a complex procedure, system, or mechanism) by careful thought.
264
integral
essential
265
arduous
difficult
266
ensuing
there were repeated clashes in the "ensuing" days
occurring afterwards or as a result.
267
pale
all else pales by comparison
seem or become less important.
268
trappings
I had the trappings of success
the outward signs, features, or objects associated with a particular situation, role, or job.
269
implement (noun)
tool
270
meticulously
in a way that shows great attention to detail; very thoroughly.
271
dormant
After remaining dormant for a century, the volcano erupted last year.
inactive
272
Instigate
The violence over the last forty-eight hours was instigated by ex-members of the secret police.
Someone who instigates an event causes it to happen.
273
Erratic
Unpredictable
274
Deliberation
Their deliberations were rather inconclusive.
Deliberations are formal discussions where an issue is considered carefully.
275
Meager
The rations that they gave us were meager and inadequate.
If you describe an amount or quantity of something as meager, you are critical of it because it is very small or not enough.
276
Perplexed
The event perplexed scientists world-over.
If you are perplexed, you feel confused and slightly worried by something because you do not understand it.
277
Endow
The ambassador has endowed a $1 million public-service fellowships program.
If someone endows an institution, scholarship, or project, they provide a large amount of money which will produce the income needed to pay for it.
Vector institute endows the program with financial support.
278
Obstruction
Mr Guest refused to let them in and now faces a criminal charge of obstruction.
The act of deliberately blocking something (usually by law), or simply the thing that blocks sth.
e.g. John was irritated by drivers parking near his house and causing an obstruction.
279
Impediment
He was satisfied there was no legal impediment to the marriage.
Something that is an impediment to a person or thing makes their movement, development, or progress difficult.
With legal impediments removed, the LGBT community was able to thrive.
280
Substantiate
There is little scientific evidence to substantiate the claims.
To substantiate a statement or a story means to supply evidence which proves that it is true.
She uses concrete evidence to substantiate her argument.
281
Superseded
Replaced
282
Momentous
Important
283
Contention
This evidence supports their contention that the outbreak of violence was prearranged.
Someone's contention is the idea or opinion that they are expressing in an argument or discussion.
She substantiates her contention by backing it up with concrete evidence.
284
Engraved
Carved
285
Ordeal
The attack was a terrifying ordeal for both victims.
If you describe an experience or situation as an ordeal, you think it is difficult and unpleasant.
The harrowing ordeal was to last two hours.
286
Disparage
Many people will disparage what you are trying to achieve.
If you disparage someone or something, you speak about them in a way which shows that you do not have a good opinion of them.
287
whet
sharpen the blade of (a tool or weapon).
288
Invigilate
All Teaching assistants are required to invigilate exams taking place each week.
supervise candidates during an examination.
289
Cerebral
Related to the brain
290
Gamut
The whole gamut of human emotion.
the complete range or scope of something.
291
Vet
I need more people to vet my preferences.
make a careful and critical examination of (something).
proposals for vetting large takeover bids
292
Trump (verb)
Enthusiasm always trumps.
beat (someone or something) by saying or doing something better.
293
Solicit
ask for or try to obtain (something) from someone.
294
Unsolicited
Not asked for
295
Wry
He had particular wry humor which made everyone feel uncomfortable.
using or expressing dry, especially mocking, humor.
a wry smile
296
Inept
Very inept handling of the situation
Clumsy, having or showing no skill
297
Pitcher
Pour some water for me from the Pitcher
Like a flask that you put on the table.
298
Coaster
The thing you put your coffee on.
299
Saucer
The thing you put your tea on
300
Vehemently
When their lack of concrete evidence was pointed out to them, they simply repeated their criticisms more vehemently.
In an intense and passionate manner.
301
espouse
adopt or support (a cause, belief, or way of life).
302
Impervious
Unable to be affected by
303
Propensity
an inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.
A propensity for violence
304
Ditto
the same thing again (used in lists and accounts and often indicated by a ditto mark under the word or figure to be repeated).
305
Abhorrent
inspiring disgust and loathing; repugnant.
306
Despondency
I fell into a state of despondency after moving to the big city
A feeling of low spirit caused by low courage.
307
Reverberate
Indeed a poor evaluation can reverberate far beyond the particular the particular individual involved to spark defensive reasoning throughout an entire organization.
Having a looping effect like an echo.
308
Touted
He is being widely touted as the next leader of the party.
A local car dealership was touting its services/wares on the radio.
to advertise, talk about, or praise something or someone repeatedly, especially as a way of encouraging people to like, accept or buy something
The minister has been touting these ideas for some time.
309
contemplate
The owner of the team contemplated moving his football club to another city.
to spend time considering a possible future action, or to consider one particular thing for a long time in a serious and quiet way.
Sharon is contemplating going to graduate school.
310
Condiment
Spices -- A better word for what we call "Advieh" in Persian
311
Debrief
in the debrief, Gary gave his assessment of the trip and his performance.
a series of questions about a completed mission or undertaking.
312
Inundate
After appearing on TV they were inundated with telephone calls for a week.
To flood, to give someone so much work or so many things that they cannot deal with it all
If the dam breaks it will inundate large parts of the town.
313
Assimilate
The European Union should remain flexible enough to assimilate more countries quickly.
You shouldn't expect immigrants to assimilate into an alien culture immediately.
to become part of a group, country, society, etc., or to make someone or something become part of a group, country, society, etc.
---
to understand and remember new information and make it part of your basic knowledge so that you can use it as your own:
It's hard to assimilate so much information.
314
Hindsight
With (the benefit/wisdom of) hindsight, I should have taken the job.
In hindsight, it would have been better to wait.
the ability to understand an event or situation only after it has happened.
They are ideas that, in hindsight, often seem hair-brained.
315
Drudgery
Cleaning the oven is sheer drudgery.
Hard, boring work.
316
Stigma
There is no longer any stigma to being divorced.
Being an unmarried mother no longer carries the social stigma that it used to.
a strong feeling of disapproval that most people in a society have about something, especially when this is unfair
There’s a stigma associated with low-income food programs.
317
Proactive
Companies are going to have to be more proactive about environmental management.
taking action by causing change and not only reacting to change when it happens.
The agency decided to take a proactive approach to better serve its clients.
318
Eccentric
Eccentric behavior
strange or unusual, sometimes in a humorous way:
319
Conundrum
Arranging childcare over the school holidays can be a real conundrum for working parents.
a problem that is difficult to deal with:
The best shows pose moral conundrums that are hard to solve.
320
Retaliate
His first instinct was to retaliate against the attacks.
to hurt someone or do something harmful to someone because they have done or said something harmful to you:
The terrorists retaliated against the government with a bomb attack.
The demonstrators threw rocks at the police, who retaliated by firing blanks into the crowd.
321
Vertigo
She can't stand heights and has always suffered from vertigo.
a feeling of spinning around and being unable to balance, often caused by looking down from a height
Sudden onset of acute rotation vertigo lasting several days with gradual resolution would suggest a labyrinthitis of viral or vascular aetiology.
322
Arbitrate
I've been asked to arbitrate between the opposing sides.
to make a judgment in an argument, usually because asked to do so by those involved:
An outside adviser has been brought in to arbitrate the dispute between the management and the union.
323
Reconciliation
It is sometimes difficult to reconcile science and religion.
to find a way in which two situations or beliefs that are opposed to each other can agree and exist together:
How can you reconcile your fur coat and/with your love of animals?
324
Umpiring
The umpire overruled the linesman and ordered the point to be replayed.
/ˈʌm.paɪr/
a person who is present at a sports competition in order to make certain that the rules of that particular game are obeyed and to judge if particular actions are acceptable.
325
Dichotomy
I try to examine the dichotomy between what people think they are and what they do.
a difference between two completely opposite ideas or things:
There is often a dichotomy between what politicians say and what they do.
326
Dichotomous
Once again, replacing the continuous score with the dichotomous score for institutional democracy does not change the sign and statistical significance level of media openness.
involving two completely opposing ideas or things:
The test was used to compare dichotomous variables.
327
Succinctly
I thought she expressed her feelings most succinctly at the meeting.
in a way that expresses what needs to be said clearly and without unnecessary words:
Start with a subject line that succinctly sums up your request.
328
Tenacious
Seles is a tenacious opponent – she never gives in.
unwilling to accept defeat or stop doing or having something:
The steep learning curve is daunting, and even experienced developers find that modifying existing passes is difficult and often introduces subtle and tenacious bugs.
329
Unfettered
the goal of such games is to get as many perspectives as possible to promote unfettered analysis.
not limited by rules or any other controlling influence.
330
Elusive
Sometimes when the right answer is elusive you just gotta make a decision
If something that you want eludes you, you do not succeed in achieving it.
331
cacophony
As we entered the farmyard we were met with a cacophony of animal sounds.
Unpleasent mixture
332
Jostle
Multiple perspectives jostle for prominence
To knock or push roughly against someone in order to move past them or get more space when you are in a crowd of people.
333
constituent
Let's look at the constituent parts of this sentence.
one of the parts that a substance or combination is made of.
What are the basic constituents of the mixture?
334
Juxtapose
Let's juxtapose the two calculations.
To put things side by side for comparison.
335
Rubric
A statement of purpose or function
336
Profusely
What happens when a student's nose starts to bleed profusely
To a great degree.
337
Plagiarism
To take someone else's work and present it as yours.
338
Haggler
A person who argues and bargains over the price of sth.
339
attire
a form of formal clothing
340
Articulate (verb)
it also has an adjective with the same meaning
to utter clearly and distinctly; pronounce with clarity.
341
attunement
harmony
342
Complacent
pleased, especially with oneself or one's merits, advantages, situation, etc., often without awareness of some potential danger or defect; self-satisfied:
The voters are too complacent to change the government.
343
Pretense
a false show of something:
a pretense of friendship.
pretending or feigning; make-believe:
My sleepiness was all pretense.
344
Intervention
A scenario in which n-1 people of a group talk sense into another person in the group and bring out their feelings with them.
345
inextricably
in a way that is impossible to disentangle or separate.
| "for many top executives, golf and business are inextricably linked"
346
Desiderata
Something that is needed or wanted
integrity was a desideratum
347
Aloof
not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
they were courteous but faintly aloof
conspicuously uninvolved and uninterested, typically through distaste.
he stayed aloof from the bickering
348
Conspicuous
standing out so as to be clearly visible.
he was very thin, with a conspicuous Adam's apple
349
Acclimatize
respond physiologically or behaviorally to a change in conditions in the natural environment.
Syn. Attune, adapt
They acclimatized themselves before ascending Everest
350
Solidarity
unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest; mutual support within a group.
factory workers voiced solidarity with the striking students
351
Ascertain
find (something) out for certain; make sure of.
An attempt to ascertain the cause of the accident.
352
Scrutiny
critical observation or examination.
353
Akin to
Of similar character
