Vocab Week 5

Question 1

BPD

Answer 1

Bi Parietal Diameter
(Measurement ear to ear)
Should be made after 13 weeks

Question 2

Midline Echo

Answer 2

Represents the medial aspect of each cerebral hemisphere

Question 3

CC

Answer 3

Cranial caudal axis
One of the viewing axes used in fetal ultrasound
Used to visualize the fetal spine, nuchal fold, fetal profile, and CRL

Question 4

AC

Answer 4

Abdominal Circumference

Question 5

FL

Answer 5

Femoral length (thigh bones)

Question 6

FHR

Answer 6

Fetal Heart Rate
(Usually between 120-160 bpm)
Measurable at 6 weeks

Question 7

Four Chamber View

Answer 7

Preformed in fetal echocardiography to detect congenital cardiac anomalies
Features evaluated: chamber size, number of heart chambers and location, contractility, septa, valves

Question 8

Transverse

Answer 8

Imaging technique used to obtain a cross-section through the body in a horizontal plane

Question 9

PA

Answer 9

Posterior-Anterior

Question 10

Lateral

Answer 10

From the side

Question 11

Sagittal

Answer 11

A plane parallel to sagittal sulture (divides body into left and right halves)

Question 12

Cephalad

Answer 12

Toward the head (anterior) end of the body

Question 13

Caudal

Answer 13

At/near the tail (posterior) end of the body

Question 14

Echnogenic

Answer 14

Ability to bounce an echo (return signal in ultrasound examination)

Question 15

Hypoechoic

Answer 15

A region in an ultrasound image in which the echos are weak/fewer than normal

Question 16

AFI

Answer 16

Amniotic Fluid Index
A score (in cm) given to the amount of amniotic fluid seen on ultrasound in pregnant uterus
Normal: 8-18 cm
Oligohydramnios: 20-24

Question 17

Omphalocele

Answer 17

Type of abdominal wall defect in which the intestine,liver (other organs) remain outside the body because of defect in the abdominal wall

Question 18

Gastroschisis

Answer 18

Type of hernia

Baby has hole in abdominal wall and intestines are exposed out of hole

Question 19

Beckwith-wiedmann syndrome

Answer 19

Overgrowth disorder characterized by an increased risk of childhood cancer and certain congenital features

Question 20

AFAFP

Answer 20

Amniotic fluid alpha fetoprotein

Can be measured at 15-24 weeks gestation

Question 21

AchE

Answer 21

Acetylcholinesterase

Presence in amniotic fluid indicates NTD and ventral wall defects

Question 22

MoM

Answer 22

Multiple of Median

Measurement of how far an individual test result deviates from the median of the population

Question 23

Arnold-chaiari malformation

Answer 23

Structural defect in cerebellum

When part of cerebellum is located below the foramen magnum

Question 24

Lemon sign

Answer 24

The ultrasound finding of frontal bone scalloping assciated eith arnold-chiari malformation

Question 25

Banana sign

Answer 25

The abnormal curvature of the cerebellum noted on ultrasound with arnold-chiari malformation

Question 26

Strawberry sign

Answer 26

Flattened occiput and pointed frontal bones visualized on ultrasound Associated with T18

Question 27

Cisterna magna

Answer 27

A large sub-arachnoid space between the caudal part of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata

Question 28

Nuchal fold

Answer 28

``` Thickness measured on back of fetal neck at 15-22 weeks Increased thickness (6mm)= increased risk of aneuploidy ```

Question 29

Placenta privia

Answer 29

Placenta grows in lowest part of uterus and covers all/part of the opening of the surface

Question 30

Fetal distress

Answer 30

Compromise of the fetus before labor/during birth Often used to describe hypoxia Sign: meconium in amniotic fluid (but can be normal), change in heart rate

Question 31

D+E

Answer 31

Dilation and Evacuation 2nd trimester abortion Fetus extracted in pieces using forceps and/or vacuum aspiration

Question 32

D+C

Answer 32

Dilation and Curettage Performed between 4-12 weeks Scrape and collect endometrial tissue from inside the uterus

Question 33

Prostin Induction

Answer 33

Prostoglandin-induced labor (tablet inserted in vagina, takes 6-24 hours) Used for: pregnancy over 41 weeks, water broken but contractions not started, elective termination of pregnancy (stillborn)

Question 34

VSD

Answer 34

Ventricular septal defect

Question 35

ASD

Answer 35

Atrial septal defect

Question 36

Holoprosencephaly

Answer 36

Failure of the prosencephalon to develop (forebrain of the embryo) into two hemispheres

Question 37

CRL

Answer 37

Crown Rump Length (Measurement from head to bum) Used to estimate gestational age